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2019 Vol. 42, No. 2
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2019, 42(2): 145-150.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2019.02.01
Abstract:
Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) is a kind of nondestructive biomedical imaging technology. It provides deeper tissue imaging with high spatial resolution along with functional imaging. Recently, PAI technology has developed significantly in early diagnosis and accurate boundary recognition of liver cancer. The new imaging system are emerging, and various nano-probes are more accurate in surgical navigation. As PAI technology advances, more boundary demarcation and probe techniques will come to the fore. The principle and imaging system of photoacoustic are introduced in this paper. The wide application of PAI system in clinical treatment of liver cancer is summarized, which are beneficial for early diagnosis and accurate treatment of liver cancer.
Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) is a kind of nondestructive biomedical imaging technology. It provides deeper tissue imaging with high spatial resolution along with functional imaging. Recently, PAI technology has developed significantly in early diagnosis and accurate boundary recognition of liver cancer. The new imaging system are emerging, and various nano-probes are more accurate in surgical navigation. As PAI technology advances, more boundary demarcation and probe techniques will come to the fore. The principle and imaging system of photoacoustic are introduced in this paper. The wide application of PAI system in clinical treatment of liver cancer is summarized, which are beneficial for early diagnosis and accurate treatment of liver cancer.
2019, 42(2): 151-154.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2019.02.02
Abstract:
ObjectiveTo explore the value of 1.5 T magnetic resonance (MRI) apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in screening prostate cancer (PCA). MethodsForty patients with PCA were selected from January 2015 to July 2018 in our hospital as PCA group. At the same time, 60 benign prostate lesions were selected as benign group. The patients in two groups were given 1.5 T-MRI examination. The prostate imaging reporting and data system (PI-RADS) scores, anisotropy ADC and eADC values of the two groups were compared. ResultsThe eADC value in group PCA was significantly higher than that in benign group (P<0.05). The difference of PI-RADS score between group PCA and benign group was significant (P<0.05). In the diagnosis of PCA sensitivity, specificity and accuracy, the critical value of the PI-RADS score were 55.00%, 83.33%, 72.00%, and<0.95 mm2/s as the critical value of 85.00%, 75.00%, 79.00%. The PI-RADS score combined with ADC value 95.00%, 70%, 80.00%. The sensitivity of combination of the two was significantly higher than that of the two alone. The accuracy and Youden index were also greater than the two alone. ConclusionThe ADC value of 1.5 T-MRI can be used as an important indicator of PCA screening. It can effectively improve the screening effect of PI-RADS score on PCA. It is worth for further clinical promotion.
2019, 42(2): 155-159.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2019.02.03
Abstract:
ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical efficacy of percutaneous transhepatic sclerotherapy and transcatheter arterial embolization(TAE) for hepatic hemangioma. MethodsTwenty-two patients with hepatic hemangioma (maximum lesion diameter ≥5 cm) were randomly divided into two groups. 11 patients underwent percutaneous intrahepatic sclerotherapy with bleomycin (hardening group), and 11 patients underwent DSA guidance lower bleomycin iodized oil hepatic artery embolization (embolic group). The average operation time, cost, postoperative efficacy, complications and satisfaction of the two methods were compared. ResultsThe mean operative time of the sclerosing group was shorter than that of the embolization group (P<0.05). The proportion of abnormal liver function 3 days after embolization group In the sclerosing group was greater than that of sclerosing group (P<0.05). The average length of hospital stay and cost in the sclerosing group was significantly less than that in the embolization group (P<0.01). At 6 months after surgery, the tumors of all patients were smaller than before. The effective rates of the sclerosing group and the embolization group were 81.8%, 92.3%, with no significant difference (P>0.05). ConclusionPercutaneous liver puncture bleomycin injection sclerotherapy and DSA-guided bleomycin hepatic artery embolization have a curative effect in the treatment of hepatic hemangioma with diameter≥5 cm. Percutaneous transhepatic sclerotherapy for hepatic hemangioma has the advantages of simple operation, short operation time and hospitalization time, low treatment cost and good tolerance.
2019, 42(2): 160-165.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2019.02.04
Abstract:
ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of high resolution CT in the diagnosis of bronchial dilation (extension) and the effect of post treatment technique. MethodsEighty inpatients with bronchiectasis and hemoptysis were divided into two groups: simple bronchiectasis/bronchiectasis with chronic pulmonary disease.The MSCT images were analyzed retrospectively and summarized. The multi-plane recombination (MPR) and the minimum density projection (MinIP) were used together. The different layer thickness and window technique were used to observe. ResultsThe extensive adduction of group A was accounted for 60.00% with cystic type (honeycomb type) and mixed type. Patients with 2-4 lobar branchectasis in Group B was accounted for 66.66%, with columnar type (columnar and clubbed) and mixed type. The secondary incidence of tuberculosis was accounted for 17.50%. ConclusionCT post-processing technique MPR thin layer and MinIP 3-5 mm thickness block (thick block) have obvious advantages in diagnosing bronchiectasis.It is helpful to find the diseased bronchus and reduce the time consuming in diagnosis.
2019, 42(2): 166-171.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2019.02.05
Abstract:
ObjectiveTo compare dosimetric differences between intensity modulated radiotherapy( IMRT) and volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) in the radiotherapy plan of nasal cavity and paranasal sinus cancer, provide reference basis for selecting the best clinical treatment. MethodsTen patients with nasal cavity and paranasal sinus cancers were selected. The patients were received the VMAT plans which were created as non-equispaced fields of VMAT and equispaced fields of VMAT, and IMRT plans which were created as non-equispaced fields and equispaced fields of 5 beams and 7 beams. Dosimetry of different design methods were compared to assess the coverage rate, heterogeneity index (HI) and conformity index (CI) in the target volum, exposure dose of the organs at risk and therapeutic efficiency. ResultAll of coverages of IMRT plans and VMAT plans met the criteria of clinic. VMAT plans were still better than IMRT plans, the differences between IMRT plans of 5 beams were significant.For CI of PTV1, VMAT (including partial arc and full arc) were better than IMRT(including non-equispaced fields and equispaced fields) . Exposure dose of the organs at risk: for brain stem, Dmax and D1% of VMAT plans were lower than IMRT plans, and D1% of partial arc were lower than full arc (P<0.05). For Lens, VMAT plans had a same or better protective effect than IMRT plans, Dmax and D1% of VMAT plans were lower than most of those of IMRT(P<0.05). For Optic nerves-Ipsilateral, Dmax of VMAT plans were lower than those of IMRT (P<0.05). For Chiasm, Dmax and D1% of VMAT plans were lower than most of those of IMRT (P<0.05). For Parotid-Ipsilateral, Dmean of VMAT plans were lower than most of those of IMRT(P<0.05). Compared with IMRT plans, VMAT plans showed fewer MUs (about 1/3) (P<0.05). ConclusionNon-equispaced field can be considered as the radiotherapy field design of Nasal cavity and paranasal sinus cancer.Depending on the machine conditions, the partial arc of VMAT is more advantageous than the non-equispaced fields of IMRT.
2019, 42(2): 172-176.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2019.02.06
Abstract:
ObjectiveTo explore clinical and CT characteristics of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-rearranged lung adenocarcinoma. MethodsIn this retrospective study, 217 lung adeno carcinoma patients were included. Patients with ALK-rearrange were defined with ALK positive group, while the control group was matched by gender and smoking history from ALK negative lung adenocarcinoma patients. Four clinical features (age, gender, smoking history and staging) were recorded. The location, size, ground glass opacity, lobulation, spiculation, nodules in the same lobe, nodules in non-same lobe, obstructive pneumonia, vascular invasion, necrosis, pleural retraction, obstructive changes, bubble-like lucency, lymphadenopathy, pleural or pericardial effusion were analyzed. The items were compared between 28 ALK positive lung adeno carcinoma patients and ALK negative patients. ResultsIn 217 lung adeno carcinoma patients, the positive rate of ALK was 12.9%(28/217). ALK positive patients were more common in younger (47.93±13.68 years vs 59.75±13.27 years, t=3.281, P=0.002), female (46.4% vs 28.0%, χ2=3.859, P=0.048), non-smoking patients (67.9% vs 47.6%, χ2=3.995, P=0.046). Vascular invasion (39.3% vs 14.3%, χ2=4.462, P=0.035) and necrosis (32.1% vs 3.6%, χ2=7.791, P=0.005)were higher in ALK positive lung adeno patients. Other CT imaging traits of two groups was not significantly different (P>0.05). ConclusionThe patient may have ALK rearrange, whoyoung, female, non-smoking lung adenocarcinoma and accompanied with vascular invasion and necrosis in CT imaging.
2019, 42(2): 177-181.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2019.02.07
Abstract:
ObjectiveTo investigate the feasibility of phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (PC-MRI) for hemodynamic analysis in vivo and assessment of arterial hemodynamics-induced atherosclerosis. MethodsThirteen healthy adult rabbits were purchased from the Animal Center of Southern Medical University. Four rabbits were randomly selected as the blank group. The 4 rabbits of blank groups were fed together with 9 other rabbits with high-fat diets after receiving the first experimental data. Thirteen rabbits were given high-fat feeding for 2-6 months as an experimental group. The rabbits were withdrawing 7 mL blood for viscosity test before being anesthetized. Then, the rabbits were fixed on a plate and scanned by the coronal T2WI sequence. The aorta (above the bifurcation of the rabbit renal artery 1 cm.) was selected as the target vessel segment which were scanned by the PC-MRI scan quantitative blood flow measurement techniques. The cross-sectional blood phase and amplitude maps of the abdominal aorta were obtained and selected as the analysis images. The hemodynamic parameters processing software was used to process the phase amplitude maps of the blank group and the experimental group. The wall shear stress (WSS), mean velocity and mean flow-rate were explored. ResultsDuring the high-fat feeding, 3 rabbits died of unexplained, 2 rabbits died of anesthesia, 8 rabbits successfully established the atherosclerotic models, with success rate of 62% (8/13). The blood lipids of the experimental group increased to varying degrees: CHO (52.50±15.39 mmo1/L)、TG (5.19±3.85 mmo1/L)、HDL-C (11.10±5.17 mmo1/L)、LDL-C (33.43±16.40 mmo1/L). Blank group:WSS was (17.03±1.14)×10-2 Pa, mean flow rate was 12.28±2.51 cm/s, mean flow rate was 4.51±1.13 mL/s. Experimental group: WSS was (28.79±3.50)×10-2 Pa, mean flow rate was 22.31±6.24 cm/s, mean flow rate was 5.79±1.89 mL/s. The differences of aortic WSS and the mean flow rate between control group and experimental group were significant (P<0.05). ConclusionThe PC-MRI can be used for hemodynamic analysis in vivo and assessment of atherosclerosis caused by arterial hemodynamic changes.
2019, 42(2): 182-185.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2019.02.08
Abstract:
ObjectiveTo investigate the unique advantages of MRI t2 tirm dark-fluid in the imaging diagnosis of temporal lobe epilepsy caused by hippocampus sclerosis in children and adolescents compared with other multisequence scanning methods. Methods60 cases of children clinically confirmed as hippocampus sclerosis were scanned in multiple sequences using a Siemens Avanto Dot 1.5 TMR machine. The display rates of each sequence of intracranial lesions were compared, statistical comparisons were made, and the images obtained were analyzed. ResultsLeft hippocampus sclerosis in 21 cases. 36 cases on the right side and 3 cases on both sides. In the normal T2WI TES, FLAIR, T2 tirm and t2 tirm dark-fluid sequences, 28 cases, 39 cases, 42 cases and 51 cases respectively showed high signals. After statistical analysis, the incidence of t2 tirm dark-fluid sequences lesion was highest, and the differences with conventional T2WI TES, FLAIRand T2 tirm were statistically significant (P<0.05). The difference between the FLAIR and t2 tirm sequences (P>0.05) was not statistically significant. ConclusionMRI is the preferred device and method for diagnosing hippocampus sclerosis. Imaging doctors should pay full attention to the importance of T2 tirm dark-fluid in brain black water+fat inhibition sequence. It can significantly shorten the time of examination to improve the accuracy of diagnosis, for clinicians to provide accurate positioning and qualitative diagnosis, worthy of reference in the future work.
2019, 42(2): 186-189.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2019.02.09
Abstract:
Brucellosis is the world's widespread zoonotic infectious disease, Brucella can invade all organs and tissues of the body. The most frequent complication of brucellosis is osteoarticular involvement, and spinal joints is the most common affected sites. In recent years, with the increase of the incidence of brucellosis, the prevalence of brucellosis spondylitis increased year by year, influencing the life quality of patient severely, early and appropriate diagnosis and treatment are crucial for the prognosis of brucellosis spondylitis. Imaging diagnosis of brucellosis spondylitis mainly depends on X-ray, CT and magnetic resonance imaging . Especially CT three-dimensional imaging reconstruction observation of the small bone structure, and magnetic resonance imaging showed early bone changes and high soft tissue resolution, plays a key role in the early diagnosis and differential diagnosis of brucellosis spondylitis.
Brucellosis is the world's widespread zoonotic infectious disease, Brucella can invade all organs and tissues of the body. The most frequent complication of brucellosis is osteoarticular involvement, and spinal joints is the most common affected sites. In recent years, with the increase of the incidence of brucellosis, the prevalence of brucellosis spondylitis increased year by year, influencing the life quality of patient severely, early and appropriate diagnosis and treatment are crucial for the prognosis of brucellosis spondylitis. Imaging diagnosis of brucellosis spondylitis mainly depends on X-ray, CT and magnetic resonance imaging . Especially CT three-dimensional imaging reconstruction observation of the small bone structure, and magnetic resonance imaging showed early bone changes and high soft tissue resolution, plays a key role in the early diagnosis and differential diagnosis of brucellosis spondylitis.
2019, 42(2): 190-193.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2019.02.10
Abstract:
ObjectiveTo evaluate the perioperative outcome of patients with high-risk aortic valve disease performed with transapical aortic valve implantation. MethodsA retrospective analysis of the perioperative experience of 3 patients with transapical aortic valve implantation in our department from September to November 2018. ResultsAll patients underwent a full evaluation of the patient's surgical risk and benefit by the cardiac team before surgery. The risk was analyzed carefully. The implantation angle, valve type and surgical approach were evaluated by the aortic valve root CTA before surgery. The J-valve valve was released under continuous transesophageal ultrasound guidance. The operations were successful. One patient had high atrioventricular block after operation, and a permanent cardiac pacemaker was implanted by the cardiologist before discharge. The other two patients recovered well. No paravavular leak and arrhythmia were observed. The review of cardiac function was significantly improved, and the recent clinical effect was good. ConclusionTransapical aortic valve implantation is an effective treatment for patients with high-risk aortic valve, which significantly reduces the risk of perioperative period. It is satisfactory in early postoperative results.
2019, 42(2): 194-197.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2019.02.11
Abstract:
ObjectiveTo investigate the diagnostic value of typical ultrasound sonographic features of the right aortic arch (RAA) in the fetus andto improve the accuracy of prenatal diagnosis. MethodsEchocardiographic characteristics of thefetal RAA cases diagnosed and confirmed in our hospital from 2014 to 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. ResultsIn 78 consecutive fetuses with a diagnosis of RAA, 37 patients were diagnosed after birth by echocardiography or CT, including 24 cases of RAA with aberrant left subclavian artery (RAA - ALSA) and 10 cases of RAA with mirror image branching pattern (RAA‐MI). Fetal " U-shaped”appearance was found in 29/37 patients (82%) and all had a complete vascular ring, included 24 patients (82.4%) had RAA with left posterior ductus arteriosus (LPDA) and aberrant left subclavian artery (ALSA) (RAA/LPDA/ALSA), 3 patients (10.3%) with double aortic arch (DAA), 2 patients (6.9%) RAA with LPDA and mirror image branching (RAA/LPDA/MI). Fetal " V-shaped” appearance was found in 8 patients (5.4%) and all had RAA with right DA (RDA) not forming vascular rings. In addition, 6/37 (16.2%) fetuses didn’t have a " U-shaped” or " V-shaped” structure, found with left anterior ductusarteriosus and mirror image branching branching andwithout forming vascular rings. RAA was related with intracardiac structural abnormalities. There were 12 patients with a congenitalheart defectin, which " RAA forming vascular rings”was related with simple congenital heart diseases in 4/29 (13.8%). " RAA not forming vascular rings” was related with complex congenital heart diseases in 8/12 (66.7%). Conclusion" V-shaped” appearance only means that the transverse section of the aortic arch and the arterial catheter run together on the same side of the thorax, while " U-shaped” appearance is the sign of a vascular ring. RAA forming vascular ring or not is closely related to congenital heart diseases and provides guidance for prenatal diagnosis and prognosis of the right aortic arch.
2019, 42(2): 198-200.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2019.02.12
Abstract:
ObjectiveTo explore CT features of the lung in drowning children. MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed. Four cases of drowning male children, aged from 9 months to 3 years, were enrolled in the study. The patients were sent to our institutes for treatment between August 2013 and July 2016. Two radiologists reviewed the CT images of drowning lung of the children combining with the literature. The radiologic features were analyzed. ResultsTwo cases shared ground-glass opacity on CT images, while the other 2 cases shared homogeneous consolidations, with symmetric or asymmetric distribution for the bilateral lungs. Additionally, 2 cases showed interstitial abnormalities shown on CT images. ConclusionsThe CT features of the lung in drowning children characterized by ground-glass opacity and homogeneous consolidations, even though not peculiar for this lesions.
2019, 42(2): 201-203.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2019.02.13
Abstract:
ObjectiveTo explore the clinical value of gestational interval time after cesarean section in the diagnosis of uterine scar pregnancy. MethodsThe pregnant women after cesarean section were selected as the research object. A total of 84 cases of uterine scar pregnancy were choosed as experimental group. A total of 100 cases of normal intrauterine pregnancy were randomly selected as control group A, 36 cases of cervix pregnancy as control group B, 29 cases of incomplete abortion as control group C, 23 cases of gestational trophoblastic disease as control group D. The differences of pregnancy interval time between each group were compared. The interval weeks P75 of the experimental group was calculated as the diagnostic cutting value. The difference of the diagnostic efficiency of P75 combined with vaginal ultrasonography and vaginal ultrasonography alone in uterine scar pregnancy was calculated. ResultsCompared with the control group, the gestational interval time of patients with uterine scar pregnancy was significantly shorter (P<0.05). The effective rate of P75 combined with vaginal ultrasonography for diagnosis of uterine scar pregnancy was significantly different from that of vaginal ultrasonography alone (P<0.05). Among them, the effective rate of P75 combined with vaginal ultrasonography at the interval of weeks was 84.52%, and that of vaginal ultrasonography alone was 69.05%. ConclusionAfter cesarean section, short pregnancy interval time make a high risk of uterine scar pregnancy. Its combination with vaginal ultrasound examination is helpful for the clinical diagnosis of uterine scar pregnancy.
2019, 42(2): 204-206.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2019.02.14
Abstract:
ObjectiveTo explore the value of elastography in the guidance of ultrasound-guided breast mass biopsy. MethodsA total of 140 patients with breast mass biopsy were enrolled. The patients underwent routine ultrasound and elastography from February 2017 to December 2018, and applied with BI-RADS classification and elasticity scores. The benign and malignant nature of the patient's breast mass were evaluated. ResultsAmong 140 cases, 68 cases (48.57%) were benign lesions, 43 cases (30.71%) were fibroadenoma and 12 cases (8.57%) were intraductal papilloma. Malignant lesions were found in 72 cases (51.43%) and invasive ductal carcinoma in 48 cases (34.29%). After BI-RADS grading, the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were 93.06% (67/72), 61.76% (42/68) and 77.86% (109/140), respectively. After elastic score diagnosis, the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were 87.5% (63/72), 89.71% (61/68) and 88.57% (124/140), respectively. The difference of sensitivity was not significant (P>0.05). The difference of specificity and accuracy between groups was significant (P<0.05). ConclusionColor doppler ultrasound with different elasticity scores evaluates breast masses above grade 4. Its clinical decision-making needs to be treated differently to improve its diagnostic accuracy.
2019, 42(2): 207-210.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2019.02.15
Abstract:
ObjectiveTo study the effect and its influence factors of hysteroscopic electroresection for endometrial polyps (EP). MethodsA total of 120 EP patients from July 2016 to July 2018 in our hospital and another municipal third-class a hospital were retrospectivly analyzed. Seventy-two cases who received hysteroscopic electric resection as the observation group.Forty-eight cases who underwent hysteroscopy uterine aspiration as the control group. The operation time, intraoperative bleeding volume, post-operative hospital stay and post-operative complications of two groups were recorded. The pregnancy success rate, abortion rate and recurrence rate of 6 months after operation were compared between the two groups. The logistic multivariate analysis was used to record the independent influence factors of pregnancy after hysteroscopic electrosurgical excision. ResultsThe difference of operation time, intraoperative bleeding volume, hospitalization time after operation and incidence of complications between the two groups were not significant (P>0.05). The pregnancy success rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). The difference of abortion rate and recurrence rate between the two groups were not significant (P>0.05). The logistic multivariate analysis showed that the age and polyp diameter were the independent factors affecting the success of pregnancies after operation (OR=1.220, 1.484, P<0.05). ConclusionThe hysteroscopic electrosurgical excision for EP can improve pregnancy outcomes, but pregnancy outcomes may be affected by patient's age and polyp diameter.
2019, 42(2): 211-213.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2019.02.16
Abstract:
ObjectiveTo investigate the effect and safety of microsurgical resection in the treatment of cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVM) in primary hospitals. MethodsFifty patients recieved AVM resection under conventional direct vision from March 2017 to December 2018 in our hospital were selected as the control group. Forty-five patients underwent microsurgical AVM microsurgery at the same time were choosed as the experimental group. The clinical efficacy between two groups was compared. ResultsThe total effective rate of the experimental group (91.11%) was significantly higher than that of the control group (68.00%). The recurrence rate of the experimental group (6.67%) was significantly lower than that of the control group (38.00%)(χ2=11.365, P=0.0007). The serum levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group, and the daily living ability score was significantly higher (P<0.05). ConclusionThe condition of AVM is complex and changeable. The microsurgical resection can effectively improve the clinical treatment effect, reduce the incidence of postoperative complications and improve the life quality of the patients. It’s worth popularizing in the primary hospitals.
2019, 42(2): 214-216.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2019.02.17
Abstract:
ObjectiveTo compare the diagnostic value of ultrasonography and fine needle aspiration in thyroid nodules. MethodsA total of 193 patients with thyroid nodules received ultrasound and fine needle aspiration were enrolled and retrospectively analyzed. The coincidence rate and application value of ultrasonography and fine needle aspiration in the diagnosis of thyroid nodules were evaluated. ResultsIn 193 cases of thyroid nodules, 97 cases (50.3%) were diagnosed of thyroid carcinoma and 96 cases (49.7%) of benign lesions based on the ultrasonography detection. However, 71 cases (36.8%) were diagnosed of thyroid carcinoma, 107 cases (55.4%) of benign lesions and 15 cases (7.8%) of suspicious cancer, according to the fine needle aspiration. Among the 97 cases with thyroid cancers diagnosed by ultrasonography, 63 cases (64.9%) were matched with fine needle aspiration, 22 cases (22.7%) were not met, and 12 cases (12.4%) were suspected. In 96 cases with benign lesions diagnosed by ultrasound, 85 cases (88.5%) were consistent with fine needle aspiration, 8 cases (8.3%) were not met, 3 cases (3.1%) were suspected, and the difference was significant (P=0.001). ConclusionBoth ultrasonography and fine needle aspiration are contributed to the diagnosis of thyroid nodules with a certain degree of compliance. However, ultrasound is better in the diagnosis of thyroid benign lesions than in thyroid cancer.
2019, 42(2): 217-221.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2019.02.18
Abstract:
Gastric cancer(GC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in the digestive system. In recent years, with the improvement of clinical diagnosis and treatment, the 5-year survival rate of gastric cancer has a significant upward trend, but the prognosis of advanced gastric cancer is still not ideal. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanism of gastric cancer and finding new molecular targets becomes the key to the treatment of gastric cancer. In this paper, the recent studies on the effect of long noncoding RNA Gas5 on the carcinogenesis and development of gastric cancer by regulating the expression of miRNA in patients with gastric cancer were summarized. The expression of LncRNA Gas5 in gastric cancer and the main research progress of its effect on miRNA were pointed out. The clinical significance of this process in the growth, proliferation, metastasis and prognosis of gastric cancer was discussed.
Gastric cancer(GC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in the digestive system. In recent years, with the improvement of clinical diagnosis and treatment, the 5-year survival rate of gastric cancer has a significant upward trend, but the prognosis of advanced gastric cancer is still not ideal. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanism of gastric cancer and finding new molecular targets becomes the key to the treatment of gastric cancer. In this paper, the recent studies on the effect of long noncoding RNA Gas5 on the carcinogenesis and development of gastric cancer by regulating the expression of miRNA in patients with gastric cancer were summarized. The expression of LncRNA Gas5 in gastric cancer and the main research progress of its effect on miRNA were pointed out. The clinical significance of this process in the growth, proliferation, metastasis and prognosis of gastric cancer was discussed.
2019, 42(2): 222-226.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2019.02.19
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Neuropathic pain is a kind of pain directly caused by the injury or disease of somatosensory nervous system, involving a variety of cells, molecules and pathways. Autophagy is involved in the physiological and pathological process of neuropathic pain, which may be related to inflammatory factors, oxidative stress and other mechanisms. Studies have found that mTOR, TLR, P62, Wnt, JNK, HIF, etc. all participate in the autophagy process of neuropathic rational pain. In epigenetics, mirna-195 inhibits autophagy caused by peripheral nerve injury, which in turn intensifies neuropathic pain. The pathogenesis of autophagy in neuropathic pain is complicated, which challenges the research and development of drugs for autophagy in neuropathic pain. In this review, progress of the autophagy and neuropathic pain were summarized.
Neuropathic pain is a kind of pain directly caused by the injury or disease of somatosensory nervous system, involving a variety of cells, molecules and pathways. Autophagy is involved in the physiological and pathological process of neuropathic pain, which may be related to inflammatory factors, oxidative stress and other mechanisms. Studies have found that mTOR, TLR, P62, Wnt, JNK, HIF, etc. all participate in the autophagy process of neuropathic rational pain. In epigenetics, mirna-195 inhibits autophagy caused by peripheral nerve injury, which in turn intensifies neuropathic pain. The pathogenesis of autophagy in neuropathic pain is complicated, which challenges the research and development of drugs for autophagy in neuropathic pain. In this review, progress of the autophagy and neuropathic pain were summarized.
2019, 42(2): 227-233.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2019.02.20
Abstract:
ObjectiveTo explore the prediction efficiency of TIMP-2 combined with IGFBP-7 for the early prediction ofAKI in critical patients. MethodsA comprehensive systemic search was carried out in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Clinical Trials.gov, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and 13 related studies were screened.The bivariate generalized nonlinear mixed-effect model and the hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic model were used to estimate the pooled sensitivity, specificity, and summary receiver operating characteristic curve of TIMP-2 plus insulin-like growth factor-binding protein(IGFBP)-7. Results The pooled area under the curve (AUC) of [TIMP-2] × [IGFBP-7] for predicting AKI was 0.84(95% CI, 0.78-0.90). A hierarchical bivariategeneralized linear model with a cutoff of 0.3 indicated a sensitivity of 86% and specificity of 57%; with a cutoff of 2.0 indicating sensitivity of 37% and the specificity of 91%. ConclusionTIMP-2 combined with IGFBP-7 have effective AUC, sensitivity and specificity to predict AKI for the postoperative patients and critical patients .
2019, 42(2): 234-237.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2019.02.21
Abstract:
Epigenetics is called epigenetics because of changes in gene expression level caused by non-gene sequence changes, such as DNA methylation and chromatin conformation changes. In recent years, a large number of scholars have focused on the effects of epigenetics on the multidirectional differentiation of adult stem cells in various tissues, including DNA methylation modification, histone covalent modification, chromatin remodeling, gene silencing and RNA editing. Oral-derived adult stem cells are a kind of human adult stem cells which are easy to obtain. These cells are important seed cells in tissue engineering, especially in the process of bone and tooth regeneration. Studies have shown that the osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation of adult stem cells is regulated by histone deacetylase. At the same time, tooth regeneration has a tremendous impact on clinical treatment. This paper reviews the progress of histone deacetylase in regulating osteogenesis/odontogenic differentiation and its application in dental regeneration medicine.
Epigenetics is called epigenetics because of changes in gene expression level caused by non-gene sequence changes, such as DNA methylation and chromatin conformation changes. In recent years, a large number of scholars have focused on the effects of epigenetics on the multidirectional differentiation of adult stem cells in various tissues, including DNA methylation modification, histone covalent modification, chromatin remodeling, gene silencing and RNA editing. Oral-derived adult stem cells are a kind of human adult stem cells which are easy to obtain. These cells are important seed cells in tissue engineering, especially in the process of bone and tooth regeneration. Studies have shown that the osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation of adult stem cells is regulated by histone deacetylase. At the same time, tooth regeneration has a tremendous impact on clinical treatment. This paper reviews the progress of histone deacetylase in regulating osteogenesis/odontogenic differentiation and its application in dental regeneration medicine.
2019, 42(2): 238-240.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2019.02.22
Abstract:
Adefovir dipivoxil and telbivudine are antiviral drugs commonly used in the treatment of hepatitis B virus. In the treatment of chronic hepatitis B, Adefovir dipivoxil is mainly used in combination therapy for patients who are resistant to Lamivudine, Telbivudine or Entecavir. Telbivudine, as a grade B drug for pregnancy, plays a better role in the treatment of pregnant women with chronic hepatitis B. Clinical studies have shown that Adefovir Dipivoxil is prone to cause renal impairment, and Telbivudine can improve renal function. Combined with Adefovir Dipivoxil, it can reduce impaired renal function caused by Adefovir Dipivoxil . This article reviews the effects of two drugs on renal function.
Adefovir dipivoxil and telbivudine are antiviral drugs commonly used in the treatment of hepatitis B virus. In the treatment of chronic hepatitis B, Adefovir dipivoxil is mainly used in combination therapy for patients who are resistant to Lamivudine, Telbivudine or Entecavir. Telbivudine, as a grade B drug for pregnancy, plays a better role in the treatment of pregnant women with chronic hepatitis B. Clinical studies have shown that Adefovir Dipivoxil is prone to cause renal impairment, and Telbivudine can improve renal function. Combined with Adefovir Dipivoxil, it can reduce impaired renal function caused by Adefovir Dipivoxil . This article reviews the effects of two drugs on renal function.
2019, 42(2): 241-244.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2019.02.23
Abstract:
ObjectiveTo compare the clinical efficacy and safety of GnRH-a long regimen and antagonist regimen in PCOS patients. MethodsA total of 240 PCOS patients requiring COH treatment were included. The patients were randomly divided into 2 groups, with 120 cases in each group. A group was treated with GnRH-a long program, and B group was treated with antagonist regimen. The clinical outcomes of the two groups were compared. ResultsIn terms of clinical efficacy, the number of oocytes obtained and the estrogen level at HCG days of the antagonist regimen group were significantly lower than the GnRH-a long regimen group (P<0.05). The Gn total dose and Gn starting dose of the antagonist regimen group were significantly lower than the GnRH-a long regimen group (P<0.01). The difference of high quality embryo rate and pregnancy rate between the two groups was not significant (P>0.05). The antagonist regimen group had an obviously OHSS incidence and cycle cancellation rate,the difference was significant (P<0.05). ConclusionThere is no significant difference between the two regimens. The antagonist regimen group has an obviously OHSS incidence and cycle cancellation rate. Its treatment is more economical. Thus, the antagonist regimen may be considered as the preferred COH regimen in PCOS patients.
2019, 42(2): 245-248.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2019.02.24
Abstract:
ObjectiveTo analyze the disease characteristics and prognosis in patients with carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning in different occupation. MethodsFifty-seven cases of CO poisoning patients admitted to the emergency department of our hospital from 2014 to 2018 were selected as observation objects. 26 cases were engaged in mental labor (mental group) and 31 were engaged in physical labor (physical group). The severity of the disease, time of hospitalization, blood gas analysis and prognosis of the two groups were analyzed. ResultsThe difference of gender composition and age (P=0.783, 0.732) between the two groups was not significant. But compared with the mental group, the physical group showed a higher degree of poisoning (P=0.038), more severe acidosis (P=0.029), lower blood oxygen (P=0.039), longer coma (P=0.022), shorter false recovery period (P=0.037), and worse prognosis (P=0.025). ConclusionThe condition of CO poisoning patients in the physical group is more serious than that in the mental group. They are more likely to suffer from delayed encephalopathy. The prognosis of physical group is worse, which may be related to factors such as weak consciousness of first aid and poor safety conditions of residential environment.
2019, 42(2): 249-252.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2019.02.25
Abstract:
ObjectiveTo investigate the neurodevelopment of premature infants with different gestational ages at 24 months old. MethodsA total of 159 premature infants of 24 months old were recruited. The cases were divided into low-risk group (34 weeks≤GA<37 weeks, n=97), intermediate-risk group (32 weeks≤GA<34 weeks, n=36) and high-risk (GA<32 weeks, n=26) group. Neurodevelopment was evaluated by Neuropsychological development scale for children aged 0-6 years at the corrected age of 12 months and at the actual age of 24 months. The severe neonatal complications in relation to neurodevelopment were analyzed. ResultsSevere neonatal complications, such as neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, neonatal asphyxia, intracranial hemorrhage and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, were significantly increased in the high-risk group (P<0.05). Development quotients (DQ) of each area in three groups at the corrected 12 months old reached a normal level . No significant differences of average DQ were detected among the three groups (P>0.05). The multiple area DQ of the 24 months old infants in the high-risk group were at low levels, except for the motor area DQ. The motor and cognitive area DQ of the intermediate-risk group at the age of 24 months reached the normal level, but the other areas DQ were still lower than the normal level. The average DQ of 3 groups at 24 months of age (F=2.14) were lower than that of the normal level, and no significant differences were detected among 3 groups (P>0.05). ConclusionPremature infants with different gestational ages has a good catch-up growth in the neurodevelopment at the corrected age of 12 months. However, among the neurodevelopment assessment of the 24 months old infants, only motor development in the high-risk group and the motor and cognitive development in the low- and intermediate-risk groups can catch up to the normal level.
2019, 42(2): 253-257.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2019.02.26
Abstract:
ObjectiveTo explore the ability of CPI203 killing renal cell carcinoma ACHN cells and its potential mechanism. MethodsACHN was treated with various concentrations (0, 0.1, 0.5, 1 and 5 μmol/L) of CPI203 for 24 and 48 h. The effect of CPI203 on ACHN cell proliferation was assessed by CCK8. Flow cytometry was applied to examine the effect of CPI203 on ACHN cell cycle and apoptosis. Wound healing assay and colony forming assay were applied to evaluate the capacity of cell migration and colony formation, respectively. Quantitative Real-time PCR and Western blotting were applied to evaluate the mRNA and protein expression of MYC, NOXA, AKT, ERK, CyclinD1 and GSK3β. ResultsCPI203 inhibited the growth of ACHN cells. CPI203 induced both apoptosis and cell cycle arrest of ACHN cells in a dose-dependent manner. The migration and colony forming ability were also inhibited by CPI203 in a dose-dependent manner. CPI203 decreased relating genes expression, such as MYC, NOXA, AKT, ERK, CyclinD1 and GSK3β. ConclusionCPI203 has significant antitumor effect against renal tumor cells via inhibition of MYC, NOXA, AKT, ERK, CyclinD1 and GSK3β.
2019, 42(2): 258-263.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2019.02.27
Abstract:
ObjectiveTo explore the status of the clinical care classification(CCC) system and provide the basis for the promotion of the CCC application in China. MethodsThe literatures of CCC system were retrieved from PubMed, CINAHL,the Cochrane library,WangFang database, CBM,CNKI and other databases. The research literature conformed to the requirements were analyzed. ResultsA total of 507 records were identified and 38 full‐texts assessed. Fifteen studies were reviewed. The literature research on CCC mainly focused on the compatibility between CCC and other standardized nursing terminology systems, the application of CCC in clinical nursing, the application of CCC in nursing management and the application of CCC in nursing education. ConclusionBased on the published literatures, the CCC system appears to be well developed for various populations, settings. It harmonizes with other nursing terminology systems. But no studies used the system to generate information about the outcomes of nursing practice. We should verify the applicability of CCC in China, use CCC to collect clinical data and produce clinical evidence. It can promote the continuous improvement of nursing quality and the process of nursing informatization in China
2019, 42(2): 264-266.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2019.02.28
Abstract:
Hemifacial spasm is a common facial nerve disease, typically characterized by facial muscle contraction, stiffness and facial convulsions. Cerebellopontine angle is an important life center. It has deep arteries and other important vascular structures. It is one of the most common sites of intracranial tumors. Acoustic neurinoma is a benign tumour originating from the sheath of the auditory nerve. It should be precisely called acoustic neurinoma. We reported a case of ipsilateral convulsions caused by acoustic neuroma in cerebellopontine angle. It can provide reference for the treatment and prevention of the disease.
Hemifacial spasm is a common facial nerve disease, typically characterized by facial muscle contraction, stiffness and facial convulsions. Cerebellopontine angle is an important life center. It has deep arteries and other important vascular structures. It is one of the most common sites of intracranial tumors. Acoustic neurinoma is a benign tumour originating from the sheath of the auditory nerve. It should be precisely called acoustic neurinoma. We reported a case of ipsilateral convulsions caused by acoustic neuroma in cerebellopontine angle. It can provide reference for the treatment and prevention of the disease.
2019, 42(2): 267-270.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2019.02.29
Abstract:
ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical characteristics, treatment and prognosis of ovarian teratoma patients complicated with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis. MethodsThe clinical data of 7 patients with ovarian teratoma complicated with anti-NMDAR encephalitis treated in Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University from July, 2014 to December, 2017 were collected and analyzed retrospectively . ResultsThe average age of the 7 patients was 26 years old. All the patients had abnormal mental behavior, and 2 patients had psychosis as the first symptom. 3 patients were ventilated by tracheotomy because of central hypoventilation, while 1 patient showed only abnormal mental behavior and prodromal symptoms. Anti-NMDAR antibodies were detected in cerebrospinal fluid test in all 7 patients, but Blood samples were tested only in 6 patients. All the patients Included had ovarian teratoma, and all of them improved after the resection of ovarian teratoma. No recurrence was observed during subsequent follow-up. ConclusionsAnti-NMDAR encephalitis is a new type of marginal leaf paraneoplastic encephalitis, which is closely related to ovarian teratoma. The prognosis of the patients with anti NMDAR encephalitis with ovarian teratoma is better, and most of the patients can be recovered after surgical excision of ovarian teratoma.
2019, 42(2): 271-273.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2019.02.30
Abstract:
ObjectiveTo explore the application of Image Pro-Plus in quantitative analysis of the therapeutic effect on resin infiltration for white spot lesions (WSL). MethodsImages from 10 maxillary central incisors with WSL were collected by digital camera before and after treatment of resin infiltration. Images were imported into Image Pro-Plus. The ratio of WSL of each crown before and after treatment of resin infiltration were compared. ResultsThe difference of white spot lesions btween before and after treatment was significant. ConclusionImage Pro-Plus is objective and practical in quantitative analysis of the therapeutic effect on resin infiltration for WSL.
2019, 42(2): 274-276.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2019.02.31
Abstract:
ObjectiveTo explore the value of Tomita score to predict survival time in patients with spinal metastases. MethodsWe retrospectively collected 74 patients with spinal metastases from April 2013 to December 2017.The patients included 40 male and 34 female, the average age was 57.6 years old. The patients were divided into 4 groups according to Tomita score.Group A: Tomita score 2-3, included 11 patients, 2 operate/9 nonoperate. Group B: Tomita score 4-5, included 10 patients, 2 operate/9 nonoperate. Group C: Tomita score 6-7, included 15 patients, 5 operate/10 nonoperate. Group D: Tomita score 8-10, included 38 patients, 2 operate/36 nonoperate. The survival time and survival rate between the 4 groups were compared. ResultsThe patients were followed up for 2-46 months（14.7 months on avaerage）. The average survival time was 13.0 months:23.4 months of Group A, 16.3 months of Group B, 18.5 months of Group C, 7.0 months of Group D. The median survival time was 11 months: 21 months of Group A, 15 months of Group B, 13 months of Group C, 6 months of Group D. The survival time was negatively correlated with Tomita score. Tomita score was lower, while the survival time was longer（r = -0.6520, P<0.05）. ConclusionIt is feasibile for PET-CT to grade Tomita score.It can be used easily and accurately to predict the survival time of the patients with spinal metastases.
2019, 42(2): 277-280.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2019.02.32
Abstract:
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) self-management model is a new kind of disease management method that is patient-oriented and helps patients change their behavior patterns and improve the health condition of COPD patients through non-medical management. In this paper, based on the general survey of COPD, the advantages and disadvantages of the SWOT analysis to COPD self-management pattern, and the description opportunities and threats for of this disease management system, we clarified the connotation, characteristics, strategies and policy support of the new self-management model development, in order to promote the formation of new management model of COPD patients in China and the development of self-management of COPD patients.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) self-management model is a new kind of disease management method that is patient-oriented and helps patients change their behavior patterns and improve the health condition of COPD patients through non-medical management. In this paper, based on the general survey of COPD, the advantages and disadvantages of the SWOT analysis to COPD self-management pattern, and the description opportunities and threats for of this disease management system, we clarified the connotation, characteristics, strategies and policy support of the new self-management model development, in order to promote the formation of new management model of COPD patients in China and the development of self-management of COPD patients.
2019, 42(2): 281-283.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2019.02.33
Abstract:
This paper shows the teaching reform implement of " ideological and political education in curriculum” in pathology by analysing the necessity. It is proposed to cultivate patriotism, scientific spirit, human spirit, social responsibility awareness, dialectical thinking ability and rules in pathology teaching. It can unify " knowledge imparting” and " value leading” together. It can finish the fundamental task of strengthening morality education.
This paper shows the teaching reform implement of " ideological and political education in curriculum” in pathology by analysing the necessity. It is proposed to cultivate patriotism, scientific spirit, human spirit, social responsibility awareness, dialectical thinking ability and rules in pathology teaching. It can unify " knowledge imparting” and " value leading” together. It can finish the fundamental task of strengthening morality education.
