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2018 Vol. 41, No. 4
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2018, 41(4): 421-425.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2018.04.01
Abstract:
Objective To explore the pelvic tilt situation of patients who have done MRI examination. Methods Patients who have performed MRI tests for various gynecological diseases from 2013 to 2016 were included. After we reconstructed 3D model of patient's pelvis based on MRI images, frontal view of the three-dimensional model was used to determine whether the position of the pelvis was tilted or not. The angle of inclination was measured on the two-dimensional image. Results In the 461 subjects, 106 (23%) patients had a tilt pelvic position, mainly left-right tilt type. 28 ones were right tilt with average deflection of (6.28±2.14)°. 78 were leftward tilt with average deflection of (5.88±1.67)°. Conclusions The pelvic tilt in the cross-sectional view of the routine MRI supine test results in deviation of the median sagittal plane of the patient. The pelvic tilt may result from pelvic rotation. The use of three-dimensional model can effectively avoid bias due to pelvic tilt.
2018, 41(4): 426-430.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2018.04.02
Abstract:
Objective To explore the imaging characteristics of children with severe adenovirus pneumonia in different stages. Methods Retrospective analysis of 31 cases of severe adenovirus pneumonia in pediatrics intensive care unit from January 2016 to December 2017 was conducted. The course of the disease was divided into 3 stages including acute, early recovery and late recovery stage.We compared the clinical manifestations and imaging features of children in different stages. Results Twenty-five were younger than 2 years old. All the patients had persistent high fever, wheezing and tachypnea in acute stage. The counts of WBC was normal or lower. Chest X-ray early mainly manifested effusion in bilateral lung inner zone, with the disease deteriorated, pulmonary effusion rapidly developmented. The exudation of X-ray in different children was consistent with the severity of lung injury, which was consistent with the condition grew worse in one patient. Four cases died in acute stage. CT was performed in 15 children during the recovery period. Eleven children’s CT showed uneven" mosaic perfusion”in early revcovery stage. Although wheeze alleviated, CT had no improvement in the later recovery stage. Bronchial dilation and hyaline membrane lesions has been showed in 1 cases. Conclusion The size and the density of chest X-ray in acute stage of severe adenovirus pneumonia in children is closely related to the severity and development of the disease. The children younger than 2 years old more likely have the symptoms of continuous cough and wheeze in recovery period. Lung CT showed" mosaic perfusion”of occlusive bronchiolitis may exist for a long time.
2018, 41(4): 431-434.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2018.04.03
Abstract:
Objective To explore the relationship between various factors of lumbar spinal canal stenosis and redundant nerve roots. Methods A total of 160 patients with lumbar spinal stenosis from March 2015 to December 2017 were included. The patients were divided into redundant group and non redundant group.The front to rear with lumbar stenosis, scar area of narrow, relatively long redundant caudal nerve etc data were measured. Gender, age, the narrowest position of lumbar spinal canal, the protuberance, and multinode stenosis were recorded. The correlation between the above variables with redundant nerve roots and relatively long redundant caudal nerve were analyzed. Result Gender, age, the narrowest position of lumbar spinal canal, Scar area of narrow, sharp protuberance on narrow area, multinode stenosis were related with cauda equina redundant (P<0.05). Gender, sharp protuberance on narrow area, diameter of front to rear with lumbar stenosis were not related with relatively long redundant caudal nerve, except for multisegmental stenosis (P<0.01). Conclusion Redundant nerve roots is a MRI feature associated with lumbar spinal canal stenosis. Gender, age, the narrowest position of lumbar spinal canal, scar area of narrow, sharp protuberance on narrow area, multinode stenosis are risk factors.
2018, 41(4): 435-439.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2018.04.04
Abstract:
Objective To evaluate the applied value of diagnose lung mini-nodule by CT combined high accuracy Electronic level guidance percutaneous lung biopsy (diameter≤2.0 cm). Method Sixty patients with lung mini-nodule were included in this study．According to the nodule size and the lesion position, they were divided into study group (with CT combined high accuracy Electronic level guidance method) and conventional group (with conventional method)．Needle biopsy was performed by the same attending doctor. The tissues were send to do the pathology examination after operation. The results of the two methods were compared. Results In 60 cases of lesions, the arrival rate of target puncture were 100% and 96.7%. The successful rates at first puncture using CT combined high accuracy Electronic level guidance method and conventional method were 53.33% and 20.00%, while the successful puncture time were 14.16±2.27 min and 19.33±4.59 min. In study group, the histocytolog report of 28 cases aspiration biopsy was consistent with postoperative pathologic or clinical final diagnosis. Two of them could not provide the histocytology diagnosis because the tissues were too little to make a pathological examination. Among them, 20 cases were confirmed malignancy by biopsy, 8 cases of benign lesions, and the diagnose accordance rate was 93.33%. While the histocytolog report of 26 cases aspiration biopsy was consistent with postoperative pathologic or clinical final diagnosis, 3 of them could not provide the histocytology diagnosis because the tissues were too little to make a pathological examination. One of them was failure due to stoped by the patient with pneumothorax and coughing up blood in the process of puncuere. Twenty cases were confirmed malignancy by biopsy, 8 cases of benign lesions, and the diagnose accordance rate was 86.67%.The time needed successful puncture at the CT combined high accuracy Electronic level guidance method was shorter than that at conventional method. In study group, the complication rate was 13.33%（4/30）, while 40.00%（12/30）in conventional group (P<0.05)． Conclusion CT combined high accuracy Electronic level guidance percutaneous lung biopsy can obviously improve one-time success rate and reduce the complication rate and operative time．
2018, 41(4): 440-443.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2018.04.05
Abstract:
Objective to assess the curative effect through indicators and the MRI scores by CT guided acupotomy release, radiofrequency therapy (RFT) and local injection of the joint cavity for the early or middle patients of ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Methods 90 cases of ankylosing spondylitis patients were collected and divided into the needle-knife group (A group), the RFT group (B group) and the injection group (C group). All the patients in the 3 groups were treated with conventional drugs for half a year, and the results were evaluated by the indicators including VAS, BASDAI, BASFI, chest expansion degree, Schober, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reaction protein and the MRI of the sacroiliac joint. Results VAS, BASDAI, BASFI and SPAR Results CC scores in group A were significantly better than those in group B and C, which had statistically significant differences after 6 months of treatment. Conclusions The method of acupotomy with convenient, effective features for AS patients had the value for the further clinical promotion and application.
2018, 41(4): 444-447.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2018.04.06
Abstract:
Objective To explore the application of self-glazed zirconia crowns to restore Bicon implant in limited interocclusal spaces. Methods 55 bicon implants were implanted in 42 patients with limited interocclusal space in edentulous area and the digital design and manufacture was used to fabricate self-glazed zirconia crown according to the selected abutment. The abutment and the crown were bonded together to form an integrated base crown to restore the edentulous area. The follow-up period is up to 1-30 months. Results the survival rate of the 55 implants was 98.18%, and the reworking rate of the prosthesis was 0%. No porcelain collapse or crown shedding occurred during the observation period of up to 30 months. Conclusion The self-glazed zirconia crown fabricated by CAD has been successfully used in Bicon implants with limited interocclusal space. The self-glazed zirconia crowns showed excellent aesthetic effects, marginal adaptation, sufficient mechanical strength and occlusal functions, providing a new strategy for restoring implant with limited interocclusal space.
2018, 41(4): 448-451.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2018.04.07
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of X-ray computed tomography detection for calcification in benign and malignant thyroid nodules. Methods A total of 277 thyroid calcification nodules confirmed either by surgery or histopathological examination in 259 cases were evaluated.The size, margin and quantity of nodular calcification were observed. Results In 277 calcified nodules,there were 205 benign calcified nodules (74.01%) and 72 malignant calcified nodules (25.99%) in 66 males and 193 females.The average age was 54.73 ±12.43 years. Overall, the malignant rate in patients with microcalcification (<2 mm in diameter) and margin calcification was significantly higher than the smooth edge in coarse calcification group (χ2=13.669~13.950, P<0.001). The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV)and the negative predictive value (NPV) of microcalcification and marginal rough calcified nodules to diagnosis of malignant nodules were 73.29%, 63.90%, 30.56% and 59.72%, 88.29%, and 65.36%, 47.83% and 37.72%, 78.35% and 82.21%, respectively.In terms of age, the mean age of benign and malignant nodules was significantly different (t=4.452, P<0.001). There was no significant difference in location, quantity, shape and sex between benign and malignant calcified nodules (P>0.05). Conclusion The calcification characteristics of thyroid nodules by MSCT have important guiding significance in differentiating benign and malignant thyroid lesions. Microcalcification and rough calcified nodules with rough edges suggest malignant nodules. Clinicians should be alert to such nodules and further FNA examination should be performed in these patients.
2018, 41(4): 452-456.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2018.04.08
Abstract:
Objective To analyze the current measurement methods for determining the indication and antevesion of acetabular cup, and then a new radiographic measurement tool was developed and verified. Methods Based on the formula of ellipse, the second derivative of ellipse was set up and plotted using the Mathematica software. We analyzed the plot of the second derivative of ellipse and determine the relationship between the slope of ellipse and different points. The best method to select the points of the fitted ellipse was explored. Based on the previous analyses, a new radiographic measurement tool was developed using Matlab software and to calculate the antevesions and indications of 34 acetabular cups after total hip arthrosplasty. The reliability of the current established measurement approach was tested by the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC). Results The plot of the second derivative of ellipse revealed that the slope of ellipse varied relatively little near the end of the major and minor axises of ellipse. Thus, the selected fitted points near the end of the major and minor axises could influence little on the shape of fitted ellipse. The reliability studies showed that high intraobserver reliability (n=34) was observed in the same observer’s measurements with an ICC between 0.972 and 0.996. A high agreement (n=34) was observed between different observers with an ICC between 0.973 and 0.996. The mean squares within trials ranged from 0.022 to 0.482 with all P values more than 0.05. Conclusion Based on the principle of the derivative of ellipse, a new radiographic measurement tool for determining the indication and antevesion of acetabular cup is developed using Matlab software.
2018, 41(4): 457-460.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2018.04.09
Abstract:
Imaging examination is an important means to diagnose and monitor hepatic angiomyolipoma (HAML). Various imaging signs are related to the histopathology and biological behavior of HAML, which can guide treatment program, early evaluation of curative effect and prognostic prediction. In recent years, the application of CT enhancement, CT three-dimensional imaging and functional and metabolic magnetic resonance imaging technologies, such as dynamic enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, diffusion weighted imaging, liver specific MRI contrast agent, magnetic sensitivity, MRA imaging, etc., has become the imaging research focus of HAML. The recent advances in imaging studies of HAML are reviewed in this paper.
Imaging examination is an important means to diagnose and monitor hepatic angiomyolipoma (HAML). Various imaging signs are related to the histopathology and biological behavior of HAML, which can guide treatment program, early evaluation of curative effect and prognostic prediction. In recent years, the application of CT enhancement, CT three-dimensional imaging and functional and metabolic magnetic resonance imaging technologies, such as dynamic enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, diffusion weighted imaging, liver specific MRI contrast agent, magnetic sensitivity, MRA imaging, etc., has become the imaging research focus of HAML. The recent advances in imaging studies of HAML are reviewed in this paper.
2018, 41(4): 461-464.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2018.04.10
Abstract:
Primary Hepatic Caminoma is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world. The prevalence rate of our country is higher than that of Europe,the United States and other developed countries.It seriously impacts the life quality of patients and their families. At present, imaging examination of primary liver cancer mainly includes B ultrasound, CT, DSA and MR. B ultrasound is cheap, easy to operate and sensitive to soft tissue lesions. But it is limited by the experience and meticulous degree of the examiner and with less accurate for the diagnosis of early small liver cancer (diameter <1 cm). CT has a high spatial and density resolution.But CT has radiation and false positive. DSA is a invasive examination. MR imaging is non-invasive, and has no radiation with high resolution of soft tissue. It can carry out multi parameter, multi-directional imaging and various functional imaging. It is widely used in clinical application. This article reviews the application of MR imaging in diagnosis, differential diagnosis and evaluation of the therapeutic effect of primary liver cancer.
Primary Hepatic Caminoma is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world. The prevalence rate of our country is higher than that of Europe,the United States and other developed countries.It seriously impacts the life quality of patients and their families. At present, imaging examination of primary liver cancer mainly includes B ultrasound, CT, DSA and MR. B ultrasound is cheap, easy to operate and sensitive to soft tissue lesions. But it is limited by the experience and meticulous degree of the examiner and with less accurate for the diagnosis of early small liver cancer (diameter <1 cm). CT has a high spatial and density resolution.But CT has radiation and false positive. DSA is a invasive examination. MR imaging is non-invasive, and has no radiation with high resolution of soft tissue. It can carry out multi parameter, multi-directional imaging and various functional imaging. It is widely used in clinical application. This article reviews the application of MR imaging in diagnosis, differential diagnosis and evaluation of the therapeutic effect of primary liver cancer.
2018, 41(4): 465-468.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2018.04.11
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the frequency and malignancy rate among growing Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) category 3 lesions during ultrasound follow-up, and to analyze the relationship between the changes and malignancy, for providing reference information for clinical management of these lesions. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for 130 patients with BI-RADS category 3 breast lesions and lesions showed ≥20% enlargement on follow-up ultrasound, who underwent the first ultrasound examination in our hospital between June 2012 and December 2013. Ultrasound features including increase in the maximum diameter and AP dimension, morphological changes, multiplicity and new mass were evaluated to determine their association with malignancy. Results 130 included lesions had pathological findings or follow-up ≥ 2 years, and 7 of them proved to be malignant (5.4%). Enlargement without associated suspicious sonographic morphologic abnormalities had only 1.9% (BI-RADS category 3) chance of malignancy, which was significantly lower than the case with suspected morphological changes (p<0.001). Conclusion This study can provide important reference for clinical management of breast BI-RADS type 3 lesions, suggesting that the lesions growing up to 50% enlargement without associated suspicious ultrasound features, carries a risk of malignancy of only 1.9%, and continued recommendation for imaging follow-up rather than biopsy.
2018, 41(4): 469-472.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2018.04.12
Abstract:
Objective To compare the differences in doses distribution among three field arrangements of pancreatic cancer intensity-modulated plan on target volumes and surrounding normal tissues. Methods Nine patients with pancreatic cancer were selected. The target volumes were delineated in the Varian Eclipse after CT scan. Three different field arrangements of 5-field Intensity-modulated plan were designed on each patient.The three field arrangements intensity-modulated plan were as follows: Ⅰwas an average angle 5-filed coplanar plan, Ⅱwas the coplanar plan with the field arrangement from automatic optimization of Eclipse planning system, the field arrangement of Ⅲ was from the experiences of physicists. All the plans satisfied the standard that 95 percent of target volume meet the prescribed dose. The differences of conformal index (CI), heterogeneous index (HI) of target volumes and dose differences of surrounding normal tissues were compared. Results There was no significant difference in the conformal index and heterogeneous index of the target volumes among the three field arrangements of intensity-modulated plans; The dose differences of normal tissures was not statistically significant. Conclusion There are no significant dose differences of pancreatic cancer’s target volumes and normal tissures among three field arrangement of 5-field intensity-modulated plan.The average angle 5-filed coplanar plan is more simple, which can reduce the time of optimization process.
2018, 41(4): 473-476.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2018.04.13
Abstract:
Objective To evaluate the clinical efficiency of β-HCG, VEGF, PAPP-A uniting with three-dimensional transvaginal ultrasonography in diagnosing tubal ectopic pregnancy. Method 32 tubal ectopic pregnancy patient who satisfied with inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria were acting as experimental group, then 32 normal pregnancy women who were selected by random principle and homogenization principle were acting as control group. Peripheral blood was collected, to detect the concentration of β-HCG, VEGF, PAPP-A, then comparing the difference between experimental group and control group. Calculate the P85 of β-HCG, PAPP-A and P15 of VEGF in experimental group to be partition value in diagnosing tubal ectopic pregnancy, then use signal, two, tree partition value or three partition value uniting with three-dimensional transvaginal ultrasonography in diagnosing tubal ectopic pregnancy, then evaluate the clinical efficiency. Result The concentration of β-HCG, PAPP-A were decreasing significantly in experimental group, 3064.43±916.87 IU/L, 102.55±26.30 ug/L respectively, but VEGF was increasing significantly, the concentration was 487.02±128.98 pg/mL; By contrast, the concentration of β-HCG, PAPP-A were: 8532.84±1281.97 IU/L, 193.24±51.77 ug/L, and VEGF was 116.77±60.71 pg/mL in control group, all P<0.001. P85 of β-HCG, PAPP-A and P15 of VEGF in experimental group were acted as partition value, After pregnancy 8 weeks, using the concentration of β-HCG <4026.02 IU/L, PAPP-A<132 28="" ug="" l="" vegf="">347.94 pg/mL in peripheral blood as the partition value in diagnosing tubal ectopic pregnancy. When use signal partition value to diagnosing, the coincidence rates are 69.88%, 70.71%, 73.29%, respectively; when use two partition value to diagnosing, the coincidence rates are 85.03%, 84.89%, 86.10%. When use three partition value, the coincidence rate is 91.87%, if three partition value plus three-dimensional transvaginal ultrasonography, the coincidence rate is soaring to 97.88%. Conclusion β-HCG, VEGF, PAPP-A could be used as indicators in diagnosing tubal ectopic pregnancy, and they united with three-dimensional transvaginal ultrasonography would get much better clinical efficiency and it is worthy of generalizing in early stage tubal ectopic pregnancy diagnosing.
2018, 41(4): 477-482.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2018.04.14
Abstract:
Objective To explore the effects of different oxygen conditions on the proliferation and apoptosis of osteoblasts. Methods The hfob1.19 were cultured on normoxic conditions (20% O2 in the incubator) and in hypoxic condition (containing 1% O2 in the incubator) for 120 h. Cell proliferation were detected through MTT assay in 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, 96 h and 120 h, with flow cytometry apoptosis and detection of intracellular ROS. Results The activity of osteoblasts increased gradually after 72 h of normoxia(P<0.05). After 72 h the cell growth tended to be gentle. In the early stage of hypoxia, the cell viability decreased, but the decrease tended to be gentle. After 72 h, the cell viability decreased sharply. The apoptosis of osteoblasts was not significant on the condition of normoxia. However, on the condition of hypoxia, the proportion of apoptotic cells increased rapidly. The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells on normoxia were lower than those in normoxic conditions(P<0.05). On hypoxic conditions, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were high, and the level of reactive oxygen species increased rapidly with hypoxia time prolonged. Conclusion Prolonged hypoxia lead to decreased osteoblast growth activity and increased apoptosis. It is accompanied by a large number of ROS generation.The oxidative stress plays an important role in the process of apoptosis.
2018, 41(4): 483-487.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2018.04.15
Abstract:
Objective To explore the effect of drug combretast sodium phosphate (CA4P) on the proliferation and migration of human glioma U87 cells and related signaling pathways. Methods U87 cells were cultured in vitro and treated with different concentrations of CA4P. The effects of different concentrations of drugs on cell viability were detected by CCK8 assay. Scratches and transwell assays were performed to examine the effect of different drug concentrations on migration of U87 cells. Western blot was used to detect E-Cadherin protein in U87 cells treated with different concentrations. Path Scan to detect the activation of the pathway. Results The effect of CA4P could inhibit the proliferation of U87 cells in vitro. Scratches and transwell assays showed that CA4P inhibited the migration of U87 cells in vitro. The concentration of CA4P of 50 nM and 100 nM significantly inhibited the migration. After treated with different concentrations of CA4P for 24 h, the protein level of E-Cadherin increased with the increase of CA4P concentration. Path Scan results showed that the intracellular signaling pathways Akt, Bad, SAPK/JNK and S6 ribosomal Protein were activated. Conclusion CA4P can inhibit the proliferation and migration of human U87 cells, and may be related to the upregulation of Akt, Bad, SAPK/JNK and the downregulation of S6 ribosomal protein.
2018, 41(4): 488-492.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2018.04.16
Abstract:
Lung cancer is one of the most common cancer around the world and the first cause of tumor-related mortality in China. Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is the neuroendocrine tumor with the characteristic of high aggressivity and growth fraction, early development of widespread metastases and poor prognosis in patients with SCLC. In the clinical practice, the first-line therapy for SCLC has been unchanged for decades, mainly the usage of chemoradiotherapy for SCLC. Although SCLC patients are sensitive to chemotherapy, recurrence arises rapidly in 80% of limited-stage SCLC and nearly all the extensive-stage SCLC cases. The progress of molecular biotechnology has provided hope for SCLC patients with new therapeutic strategies, especially the immunotherapy with immune-checkpoint blockade. Here, we reviewed the progress made in revealing the biology of SCLC and its implication for the new clinical therapy.
Lung cancer is one of the most common cancer around the world and the first cause of tumor-related mortality in China. Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is the neuroendocrine tumor with the characteristic of high aggressivity and growth fraction, early development of widespread metastases and poor prognosis in patients with SCLC. In the clinical practice, the first-line therapy for SCLC has been unchanged for decades, mainly the usage of chemoradiotherapy for SCLC. Although SCLC patients are sensitive to chemotherapy, recurrence arises rapidly in 80% of limited-stage SCLC and nearly all the extensive-stage SCLC cases. The progress of molecular biotechnology has provided hope for SCLC patients with new therapeutic strategies, especially the immunotherapy with immune-checkpoint blockade. Here, we reviewed the progress made in revealing the biology of SCLC and its implication for the new clinical therapy.
2018, 41(4): 493-498.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2018.04.17
Abstract:
Objective To compare the sensitivity on GATA3 and GCDFP15 and MGB in different surrogate molecular subtypes of paired primary and lymph node metastatic breast carcinomas,and to explore the value of the GATA3 in pathological diagnosis. Methods Between March 2013 and March 2016, we retrieved 64 cases of paired primary and lymph node metastatic breast carcinomas from the pathology archive at the Meizhou People's Hospital. According to emerging St Gallen2015 Consensus, the four molecular subtypes was divided into A, B, C, D, each types (n=16). Tissue microarrays were created, the sensitivity of monoclonal antibodies to GATA3, GCDFP15 and MGB in different surrogate molecular subtypes of breast carcinoma by using immunohistochemical staining. Staining intensity (0~3+) and extent (0% to 100%) were scored with an H-score calculated (range, 0 to 300). Sensitivities by the H-score cutoffs ≥50 for a positive result in different surrogate molecular subtypes of paired primary and lymph node metastatic breast carcinomas among GATA3, GCDFP15 and MGB. Results GATA3 was significantly more sensitive than GCDFP15 and MGB in breast cancer of A and B type, (P<0.05) rather than C, and D subtype (P>0.05). GATA3 staining had significant differences among different subtypes. GATA3 shows diffuse strong staining in A and B subtypes. GATA3 shows patch low, moderate staining in C and D subtypes. GCDFP15 and MGB staining had no significant differences among different subtypes. Significantly good coincidence was observed between primary and metastatic breast carcinomas. GATA3 expression [kappa value=0.826>0.75] as compared with the coincidence of GCDFP15 [kappa value=0.492<0.75] and MGB [kappa value=0.593<0.75] (P<0.05). Conclusion The matched primary and metastatic tumor expression of GATA3 is good coincidence. GATA3 expression was not the same sensitive as different surrogate molecular subtype of breast cancer. GATA3 expression was superior to GCDFP and MGB in A and B subtypes. GATA3 expression was slight better to GCDFP and MGB in C subtypes. GATA3 expression poorly performed in triple-negative breast cancer. So we need to re-evaluate its diagnostic utility in the hormone receptor negative breast cancer. Especially to the triple-negative breast cancer.
2018, 41(4): 499-503.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2018.04.18
Abstract:
Colorectal cancer has a high morbidity and mortality both in China and world, which seriously endangers human health. Although the diagnosis and treatment techniques for colorectal cancer have been improved, the survival time of patients with advanced colorectal cancer is still poor. It is necessary to understand the mechanism of colorectal cancer. The competing endogenous RNA theory has deepened the understanding of the mechanism of tumor formation. The competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) theory points out that psedugenic RNA、LncRNA、circRNA、mRNA, harbouring miRNA response element (MRE). It can act as ceRNA by competing for shared miRNAs to regular protein expression and promote/inhibit cancer. Recently, a large number of studies have shown that ceRNA molecules play an important role in the malignant behavior of colorectal cancer. It is necessary to summarize these studies. The purpose of this paper is to classify these ceRNA molecules in colorectal cancer and to elaborate the functions of these molecules in colorectal cancer.
Colorectal cancer has a high morbidity and mortality both in China and world, which seriously endangers human health. Although the diagnosis and treatment techniques for colorectal cancer have been improved, the survival time of patients with advanced colorectal cancer is still poor. It is necessary to understand the mechanism of colorectal cancer. The competing endogenous RNA theory has deepened the understanding of the mechanism of tumor formation. The competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) theory points out that psedugenic RNA、LncRNA、circRNA、mRNA, harbouring miRNA response element (MRE). It can act as ceRNA by competing for shared miRNAs to regular protein expression and promote/inhibit cancer. Recently, a large number of studies have shown that ceRNA molecules play an important role in the malignant behavior of colorectal cancer. It is necessary to summarize these studies. The purpose of this paper is to classify these ceRNA molecules in colorectal cancer and to elaborate the functions of these molecules in colorectal cancer.
2018, 41(4): 504-508.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2018.04.19
Abstract:
The esophageal drainage type laryngeal mask is called double tube laryngeal mask. Currently, the esophageal drainage type laryngeal mask widely used in clinical practice includes four kinds: Proseal laryngeal mask, Supreme laryngeal mask developed on the basis of Proseal laryngeal mask and cuffless I -gel Laryngeal mask and SLIPA laryngeal mask. The main feature of the esophageal drainage type laryngeal mask is the addition of a drainage tube that seals and drains the gastrointestinal tract, and the Ventilation mask is improved. As a third-generation laryngeal mask, it has stronger airtightness, higher adjustability and better anti-aspiration resistance. With the improvement of the effectiveness and safety of the esophageal drainage type laryngeal mask, its clinical application has developed rapidly in a short period of time and is increasingly favored by anesthesiologists.
The esophageal drainage type laryngeal mask is called double tube laryngeal mask. Currently, the esophageal drainage type laryngeal mask widely used in clinical practice includes four kinds: Proseal laryngeal mask, Supreme laryngeal mask developed on the basis of Proseal laryngeal mask and cuffless I -gel Laryngeal mask and SLIPA laryngeal mask. The main feature of the esophageal drainage type laryngeal mask is the addition of a drainage tube that seals and drains the gastrointestinal tract, and the Ventilation mask is improved. As a third-generation laryngeal mask, it has stronger airtightness, higher adjustability and better anti-aspiration resistance. With the improvement of the effectiveness and safety of the esophageal drainage type laryngeal mask, its clinical application has developed rapidly in a short period of time and is increasingly favored by anesthesiologists.
2018, 41(4): 509-513.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2018.04.20
Abstract:
Objective To explore the ability of Verteporfin killing renal cell carcinoma 769-P cells and its potential mechanism. Methods 769-P was treated with different concentrations (0, 1, 5 and 10 μmol/L) of Verteporfin. The effect of Verteporfin on 769-P cell proliferation was assessed by CCK8. Flow cytometry was applied to examine the effect of Verteporfin on 769-P cell cycle and apoptosis. Wound healing assay and colony forming assay were applied to evaluate the capacity of cell migration and colony formation, respectively. Quantitative Real-time PCR and Western blotting were applied to determine the mRNA and protein levels of CDK4, Bax, CyclinD1, Bcl-2, YAP, TEAD and caspase-3. Results Verteporfin significantly inhibited the growth of 769-P cells with an IC50 of 4.917 μM. Verteporfin induced both apoptosis and cell cycle arrest of 769-P cells in a dose-dependent manner. The migration and colony forming ability were also inhibited by Verteporfin in a dose-dependent manner. Verteporfin regulated both transcriptional and translational level in 769-P cells. CDK4 and Bax were up-regulated while CyclinD1, Bcl-2, YAP and TEAD were down-regulated. Moreover, caspase-3 was activated. Conclusion Verteporfin has significant antitumor effect against renal tumor cells, suggesting it’s a novel therapeutic agent for renal cell carcinoma.
2018, 41(4): 514-519.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2018.04.21
Abstract:
IVCF unilization ratio continues to increase in patients with deep venous thrombosis, but its clinical benefits and long-term complications remain controversial. There is no conclusive evidence of survival benefit with IVCF. It is widely used in clinical practice, but there are significant differences of indications in each area.We support the guidelines for placement of IVCF in the American College of Chest Physicians（ACCP）, which use IVCF only in the setting of high-risk pulmonary embolism, high perioperative bleeding risk and contraindication for drug prevention.It needs to advocate a close follow-up of the recoverable IVCF. PE should be removed as soon as it is no longer needed.In this review, we provide a comprehensive comparison of randomized, prospective studies of IVCF efficacy. IVCF guidelines are also evolving.We compare the difference between IVCF indications and complications in the U.S. and European guidelines.
IVCF unilization ratio continues to increase in patients with deep venous thrombosis, but its clinical benefits and long-term complications remain controversial. There is no conclusive evidence of survival benefit with IVCF. It is widely used in clinical practice, but there are significant differences of indications in each area.We support the guidelines for placement of IVCF in the American College of Chest Physicians（ACCP）, which use IVCF only in the setting of high-risk pulmonary embolism, high perioperative bleeding risk and contraindication for drug prevention.It needs to advocate a close follow-up of the recoverable IVCF. PE should be removed as soon as it is no longer needed.In this review, we provide a comprehensive comparison of randomized, prospective studies of IVCF efficacy. IVCF guidelines are also evolving.We compare the difference between IVCF indications and complications in the U.S. and European guidelines.
2018, 41(4): 520-524.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2018.04.22
Abstract:
Objective To observe the effect of estrogen on proliferation of podocyte in kidney of mice, explore the role of estrogen in the pathogenesis of childhood nephrotic syndrome. Methods 17β-Estradiol(E2) and its antagonist tamoxifen were used to stimulate mouse kidney podocyte line MPC5, and expression of PTPRO mRNA was tested by RT-PCR. ERα and ERβ overexpression vectors were transfected into E2-stimulated MPC5, and the expression of PTPRO mRNA was detected by RT-PCR. The expressions of molecules in JAK/STAT signal pathway were measured by western blot. Cell proliferation was analyzed by MTT. Results The expression of PTPRO was decreased with the increase of E2 dosage, and was increased with the increase of E2 antagonist tamoxifen dosage. When E2 binds to ERα, it inhibits PTPRO expression in mouse renal podocytes. When E2 binds to ERβ, PTPRO expression in mouse renal podocytes can be completely blocked. PTPRO had no effect on JAK1 protein expression, and increased the expression of JAK2, p-JAK2 (Y1007), STAT3 and p-STAT3 (Y705). E2 can promote glomerular podocyte proliferation, while PTPRO overexpression can inhibit E2-induced proliferation of glomerular podocytes. Conclusion Estrogen inhibits the expression of PTPRO in mouse renal podocytes by binding its receptor ERα or ERβ, inactivates the JAK/STAT signaling pathway and promotes glomerular podocyte proliferation.
2018, 41(4): 525-529.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2018.04.23
Abstract:
Recently, proximal contact loss between implant-fixed prostheses has been reported as one of the most frequent complications in dental implant restorations, which has a high prevalence. Mesial drifting of adjacent natural teeth was presented as a main cause of PCL at the mesial site of the implant which has no physiologic phenomenon such as mesial migration . Besides, there are other various associated factors could be related, concluding the opposing dentition, undergo short time interval of tooth loss before restoration, free-end fixed implant prostheses, the occlusion of adjacent teethand the alveolar bone support level of the adjacent teeth and so on. The proximal contact loss can have negative effects on the dentition: food impaction, caries, periodontal issues, and peri-implantitis. So proximal contact loss has been aroused wide public concern. This article reviews the prevalence, the potential causes, clinical significance, and treatment of open contacts between dental implant restorations and adjacent natural teeth.
Recently, proximal contact loss between implant-fixed prostheses has been reported as one of the most frequent complications in dental implant restorations, which has a high prevalence. Mesial drifting of adjacent natural teeth was presented as a main cause of PCL at the mesial site of the implant which has no physiologic phenomenon such as mesial migration . Besides, there are other various associated factors could be related, concluding the opposing dentition, undergo short time interval of tooth loss before restoration, free-end fixed implant prostheses, the occlusion of adjacent teethand the alveolar bone support level of the adjacent teeth and so on. The proximal contact loss can have negative effects on the dentition: food impaction, caries, periodontal issues, and peri-implantitis. So proximal contact loss has been aroused wide public concern. This article reviews the prevalence, the potential causes, clinical significance, and treatment of open contacts between dental implant restorations and adjacent natural teeth.
2018, 41(4): 530-533.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2018.04.24
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the Clinical characteristics and influence factors of PCI in Octogenarians presenting with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Methods We included 63 cases of very elderly patients (≥80 years old) diagnosed with NSTEMI from July 2016 to June 2017 and 71 cases of young patients (< 65 years old) confirmed NSTEMI at the same period. The clinical characteristics and the selection ratio of PCI in two groups were compared. The relevant relevant influence factor of PCI selection were explored. Results Hypertension, renal insufficiency, pulmonary infection and anemia in the elderly patients group was significantly higher than that of young group (P<0.05). The proportion of PCI in the very elderly group was significantly lower than that of young group (P<0.05). The overall rescue success rate in hospital of the very elderly group was significantly lower (P<0.05). No significant difference of mortality was found in the patients who selected PCI in two group (P>0.05). The mortality in the patients who selected conservative medication in the very elderly group was higher than that of young group (P<0.05). Age, GRACE risk stratification, heart function, more than 3 diseases were independent factors of PCI selection in the NSTEMI patients. Conclusion The very elderly patients with acute NSTEMI are often accompany with several diseases. They have low propotion of PCI selection and complex clinical features. PCI is beneficial to improve the rescue success rate of the very elderly patients with acute NSTEMI.
2018, 41(4): 534-537.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2018.04.25
Abstract:
Objective To establish the methods of extract DNA and detect whole exome sequencing (WES) by using next generation sequencing (NGS) technique from paraffin embedded samples for children with T lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL) and to explore its feasibility. Methods Genomic DNA was extracted from 10 cases of paraffin embedded samples with pediatric T-LBL. Genomic DNA samples were amplified by polymerase chain reactions, NGS technique was used for WES detection and pathogenic mutations were founded. The pathogenic mutations were confirmed by Sanger sequencing, comparison of consistency between NGS technique and Sanger sequencing was evaluated. Results Genomic DNA samples were successfully extracted from the 10 T-LBL specimens of paraffin embedded tissues. The pathogenic mutations were detected by NGS technique and the result was consistent with the Sanger sequencing method. Conclusion NGS technology can be used for WES and detection of pathogenic mutation for paraffin embedded pediatric T-LBL specimens.
2018, 41(4): 538-541.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2018.04.26
Abstract:
High-altitude Pulmonary Hypertension (HAPH) is a unique disease in plateau areas. The incidence and mortality rate are high in the local population and the long-term immigration to plateaus. If HAPH is not given effective control, it will develop into Chronic altitude sickness, which in turn leads to the ultimate death of right heart failure. Early screening for HAPH and determining the degree of pulmonary hypertension are beneficial to early treatment, and can delay the development of chronic altitude sickness. The current research progress on pulmonary hypertension monitoring methods is reviewed.
High-altitude Pulmonary Hypertension (HAPH) is a unique disease in plateau areas. The incidence and mortality rate are high in the local population and the long-term immigration to plateaus. If HAPH is not given effective control, it will develop into Chronic altitude sickness, which in turn leads to the ultimate death of right heart failure. Early screening for HAPH and determining the degree of pulmonary hypertension are beneficial to early treatment, and can delay the development of chronic altitude sickness. The current research progress on pulmonary hypertension monitoring methods is reviewed.
2018, 41(4): 542-545.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2018.04.27
Abstract:
Liver hemangioma is a common disease. It is a congenital vascular malformation, the probability of spontaneous rupture of the low, but once the rupture is lethal, in recent years with the development of minimally invasive medical technology, interventional treatment with its small trauma, low risk, significant effect of the advantages in the treatment of liver hemangioma is widely accepted in clinical with the patient, has become one of the main methods for treatment of liver hemangioma. However, the interventional treatment of hepatic hemangioma indications are still controversial, over treatment issues to be discussed further the existence of the clinical treatment, treatment options no uniform guidelines, and control the concentration of drug therapy needs further study, evaluation of curative effect after treatment of the lack of unified standard. This article reviews the current differences in interventional therapy for hepatic hemangioma.
Liver hemangioma is a common disease. It is a congenital vascular malformation, the probability of spontaneous rupture of the low, but once the rupture is lethal, in recent years with the development of minimally invasive medical technology, interventional treatment with its small trauma, low risk, significant effect of the advantages in the treatment of liver hemangioma is widely accepted in clinical with the patient, has become one of the main methods for treatment of liver hemangioma. However, the interventional treatment of hepatic hemangioma indications are still controversial, over treatment issues to be discussed further the existence of the clinical treatment, treatment options no uniform guidelines, and control the concentration of drug therapy needs further study, evaluation of curative effect after treatment of the lack of unified standard. This article reviews the current differences in interventional therapy for hepatic hemangioma.
2018, 41(4): 546-549.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2018.04.28
Abstract:
In recent years, the incidence rate of stroke has generally enhancing, and the number of stroke patients in the hospital has constantly increasing. Occurrence of stroke dramatically reduces patients' physical activity as a result of motor function impairment accompanied by muscle weakening. Cerebral edema, autonomic nerve damage, neuro-humoral dysfunction, and low thorax activity, brought about by cerebral ischemia and cerebral hypoxia can of course lead to pulmonary infection and pneumonedema as well as other complications, which seriously affect the outcomes and prognosis of stroke patients. This article analyzes stroke-related pulmonary dysfunction, and discusses the difficulties of rehabilitation. On the basis of the difficulties, the authors puts forward rehabilitation measures of pulmonary function in patients with stroke, and gives suggestions on its future development.
In recent years, the incidence rate of stroke has generally enhancing, and the number of stroke patients in the hospital has constantly increasing. Occurrence of stroke dramatically reduces patients' physical activity as a result of motor function impairment accompanied by muscle weakening. Cerebral edema, autonomic nerve damage, neuro-humoral dysfunction, and low thorax activity, brought about by cerebral ischemia and cerebral hypoxia can of course lead to pulmonary infection and pneumonedema as well as other complications, which seriously affect the outcomes and prognosis of stroke patients. This article analyzes stroke-related pulmonary dysfunction, and discusses the difficulties of rehabilitation. On the basis of the difficulties, the authors puts forward rehabilitation measures of pulmonary function in patients with stroke, and gives suggestions on its future development.
2018, 41(4): 550-553.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2018.04.29
Abstract:
Objective To confirm the effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PFUA) on lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) in patients with unstable angina. Methods 60 patients with unstable angina after successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were randomly divided to control group and experimental group (n = 30). Patients in the control group received aspirin and clopidogrel treatment after PCI, and patients in the experimental group received additional omega-3 PFUA 1000 mg every day. Patients’ clinical data in both groups were collected, and oxy-LDL and Lp-PLA2 were detected before and 2 and 4 weeks after omega-3 PFUA treatment. Results There were no significant differences in the clinical data and in Lp-PLA2 and oxy-LDL before omega-3 PFUA treatment between the experimental group and the control group (P>0.05). Two and four weeks after omega-3 PFUA treatment, there were no significant differences in Lp-PLA2 and oxy-LDL in the control group when compared to that before omega-3 PFUA treatment (P>0.05), but Lp-PLA2 and oxy-LDL in the experimental group were significantly lower when compared to that before omega-3 PFUA treatment (P<0.05). Moreover, Lp-PLA2 were positively correlated with baseline body mass index (BMI,r=0.32, P<0.05). The multivariate model showed that treatment with omega-3 PUFA (R2=20.1%, P<0.05) and baseline BMI (R2=10.3%, P<0.05) were independent predictors of Lp-PLA2 changes at 4 weeks. Conclusion Omega-3 PFUA could significantly reduce Lp-PLA2 in with unstable angina undergoing PCI, which might be a potential mechanism for omega-3 PFUA in cardiovascular disease prevention.
2018, 41(4): 554-557.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2018.04.30
Abstract:
Objective To explore the effect of local oxygen therapy on corneal edema after cataract surgery. Methods 66 corneal edema patients after cataract surgery were assigned to the control group and experimental group (n=33). Patients in the control group were treated with tobramycin and dexamethasone eye drops four times daily for 28 d postoperatively, and patients in the experimental group received local oxygen therapy at a flow rate of 5 L/min twice daily for 28 d besides the eye drops postoperatively. Results Central corneal thickness was significantly lower in the experimental group than that in the control group in 3, 7, 14 and 28 d postoperatively (P<0.05). Endothelial cell count was significantly higher in the experimental group than that in the control group in 3, 7, 14 and 28 d postoperatively (P<0.05). Endothelial cell size was significantly lower in the experimental group than that in the control group in 3, 7, 14 and 28 d postoperatively (P<0.05). Coefficient of variation was significantly lower in the experimental group than that in the control group in 7, 14 and 28 d postoperatively (P<0.05). Hexagonality was significantly higher in the experimental group than that in the control group in 14 and 28 d postoperatively (P<0.05). Conclusion Local oxygen therapy could effectively relive corneal edema after cataract surgery and save more functional corneal endothelial cell, which is worth popularizing clinically.
2018, 41(4): 558-561.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2018.04.31
Abstract:
Objective To find out the causes and countermeasures of poor healing of cesarean section in obstetrics and gynecology department. Methods From August 2016 to August 2018, 40 patients with poor wound healing who underwent cesarean section in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Fengtai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine were selected as observation group, 779 patients with good healing in the same period were the control group. The possible causes of poor wound healing were analyzed and how to prevent the poor wound healing and the methods for accelerating wound healing were discussed. Results The incidence of poor wound healing after cesarean section was 4.88%. In the observation group, the proportion of summer operation, pathogenic bacteria, premature rupture of membranes, overweight or obesity before pregnancy, abdominal adipose layer thickness >3 cm, trial production, residual knots in subcutaneous tissue, use of electric knife in subcutaneous tissue and fever after operation were significantly higher than those in control group ( P<0.05). Conclusions Summer operation, pathogenic bacteria, premature rupture of membranes, overweight or obesity before pregnancy, abdominal adipose layer thickness >3 cm, trial production, residual knots in subcutaneous tissue, use of electric knife in subcutaneous tissue and fever after operation are the common causes of poor wound healing, which should be prevented from pregnancy care, preoperative preparation, intraoperative operation and postoperative management. When poor wound healing is found, it is important to open the incision, remove necrotic tissue, and drain sufficiently.
2018, 41(4): 562-565.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2018.04.32
Abstract:
The residual spleen after splenectomy can be compensated for enlargement. Because the accessory spleen is not located, it can be located in the typical part or atypical part. It is easy to cause misdiagnosis and sometimes cause unnecessary surgery. It has increased the difficulty of clinical diagnosis and treatment. Through this typical case, we discuss the common occupying sites of accessory spleen and the way of diagnosis and treatment, so as to enhance clinicians' understanding of accessory spleen and provide a new train of thought and experience for clinical diagnosis.
The residual spleen after splenectomy can be compensated for enlargement. Because the accessory spleen is not located, it can be located in the typical part or atypical part. It is easy to cause misdiagnosis and sometimes cause unnecessary surgery. It has increased the difficulty of clinical diagnosis and treatment. Through this typical case, we discuss the common occupying sites of accessory spleen and the way of diagnosis and treatment, so as to enhance clinicians' understanding of accessory spleen and provide a new train of thought and experience for clinical diagnosis.
2018, 41(4): 566-568.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2018.04.33
Abstract:
We report a case of the anatomical variation of the left renal arterial vasculature with type IIC in gastric cancer patient. The patient was performed with a preoperative CT enhanced scan.It was found that his left renal arterial anatomical variation. Variations of the renal arteries is rare anatomy variation, but while healing renal and urinary system disease, anatomy variation can cause misdiagnosis and increase the complexity of healing diseases. Adequate understanding of renal arteries normal anatomy and its variations before the surgery is meaningful in urological laparoscopic nephrectomy, urological laparoscopic partial nephrectomy, reduce the injury in urological surgery, increase the successful surgery rate and accelerate the recovery of the patient after the surgery.
We report a case of the anatomical variation of the left renal arterial vasculature with type IIC in gastric cancer patient. The patient was performed with a preoperative CT enhanced scan.It was found that his left renal arterial anatomical variation. Variations of the renal arteries is rare anatomy variation, but while healing renal and urinary system disease, anatomy variation can cause misdiagnosis and increase the complexity of healing diseases. Adequate understanding of renal arteries normal anatomy and its variations before the surgery is meaningful in urological laparoscopic nephrectomy, urological laparoscopic partial nephrectomy, reduce the injury in urological surgery, increase the successful surgery rate and accelerate the recovery of the patient after the surgery.
2018, 41(4): 569-572.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2018.04.34
Abstract:
Long-acting octreotide is an effective therapeutic agent for the treatment of growth hormone pituitary adenomas. Because of its feature of pharmacology, dosage form and high prices, long-acting octreotide are very different from general drug in injection operations. We began to use long-acting octreotide for the treatment of growth hormone pituitary adenomas from March 2012. We summary a series of injection procedures of long-acting octreotide. We performed with nursing care before, during, and after treatment. The method finally ensures its therapeutic effect.
Long-acting octreotide is an effective therapeutic agent for the treatment of growth hormone pituitary adenomas. Because of its feature of pharmacology, dosage form and high prices, long-acting octreotide are very different from general drug in injection operations. We began to use long-acting octreotide for the treatment of growth hormone pituitary adenomas from March 2012. We summary a series of injection procedures of long-acting octreotide. We performed with nursing care before, during, and after treatment. The method finally ensures its therapeutic effect.
2018, 41(4): 573-574.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2018.04.35
Abstract:
