Influence of exposure to a closed and isolated occupational environment on seafarers brain function by resting-state fMRI
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摘要:
目的 探讨海上封闭隔离环境及暴露年限对海员脑功能活动的影响，为预防职业环境暴露对海员脑功能损伤提供依据。 方法 于2023年8月招募30名长期从事海上作业的男性职业海员作为海员组，年龄19~29岁，工作年限1~11年，在三亚市人民医院采用Magneton Skyra 3.0 T磁共振扫描仪进行静息态脑功能磁共振成像；匹配无海上作业经历的普通被试30名作为对照组，年龄18~28岁，Magneton Skyra 3.0 T静息态磁共振数据从OpenNeuro公共数据库下载。计算两组静息态ALFF、fALFF和ReHo指标，采用双样本t检验比较两组间脑区ALFF、fALFF和ReHo的差异，进一步采用偏相关分析法分析ALFF、fALFF和ReHo值与海员工作年限和出海年限的相关性。 结果 与对照组相比，海员组右侧中央后回和右侧小脑脚1区的ALFF值较高，左侧嗅皮质的ALFF值较低；左内侧和旁扣带脑回以及右颞级颞上回的fALFF值较高，右侧枕中回、左侧顶下缘角回、左侧中央前回和右侧中央前回的fALFF值较低；右侧海马旁回ReHo值增高，右侧颞下回、右侧眶部额中回、左侧顶下缘角回、左侧角回、右侧颞中回和左侧颞中回ReHo值降低，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05），采用GRF校正，体素水平P < 0.001，团块水平P < 0.05。海员组右侧中央后回ALFF值与海员工作年限呈弱正相关（r=0.369，P=0.049），右侧枕中回fALFF值与海员工作年限呈弱负相关（r=-0.370，P=0.048）。 结论 长期职业封闭隔离环境暴露对海员多个脑区的脑功能活动造成影响，海员右侧中央后回的ALFF值与工作年限存在弱正相关性，右侧枕中回的fALFF值与海员的工作年限呈弱负相关。 Abstract:Objective To investigate the effects of marine closed isolation environment and exposure years on seafarers' brain function, and to provide evidence for preventing occupational environmental exposure to seafarers' brain function injury. Methods In August 2023, 30 male professional seafarers who have been engaged in marine operations for a long time were recruited as seafarer group, aged 19~29 years old and with 1~11 years of working experience. Resting-state functional brain MRI was performed on seafarers using the Magneton Skyra 3.0 T MRI scanner in Sanya People's Hospital. A total of 30 subjects with no experience of working at sea were matched as control group, aged 18~28 years old. The Magneton Skyra 3.0 T resting-state magnetic resonance data for the control group were downloaded from the OpenNeuro public database. The resting state ALFF, fALFF and ReHo indexes of the two groups were calculated. The two-sample t-test was used to compare the differences of ALFF, fALFF and ReHo between the two groups, and the correlation between ALFF, fALFF and ReHo values and the working years and years of at sea was further analyzed by partial correlation analysis. Results Compared with control group, the ALFF values of the right postcentral gyrus and right cerebellar foot area 1 were higher in the seafarer group, and the ALFF values of the left olfactory cortex were lower in the seafarer; The fALFF values of left median cingulate and paracingulate gyrus and right superior temporal gyrus were higher in the seafarer group compared with the control group, and the fALFF values of right middle occipital gyrus, left inferior parietal angular gyrus, left precentral gyrus and right precentral gyrus were lower in the seafarer group; The ReHo values of the right parahippocampal gyrus were higher in the seafarer group, and the ReHo values of the right inferior temporal gyrus, the right orbital middle frontal gyrus, the left inferior parietal angular gyrus, the left angular gyrus, the right middle temporal gyrus and the left middle temporal gyrus were lower in the seafarer group. All the above differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05), corrected by GRF, with voxel levels P < 0.001 and cluster levels P < 0.05. In the seafarer group, there was a weak positive correlation between the ALFF values of the right posterior central gyrus and the working years (r=0.369, P=0.049), and the values of fALFF of the right middle occipital gyrus was weak negative correlated with the working years (r=-0.370, P=0.048). Conclusion Long- term exposure to occupational closed isolation environment had an effect on the brain function activities of seafarers in multiple brain regions, and there was a weak positive correlation between the ALFF values of the right postcentral gyrus and the working years, and the fALFF values of the right middle occipital gyrus was weak negative correlated with the working years. -
图 1 海员组和对照组ALFF、fALFF和ReHo值的差异脑区
Figure 1. Differential brain regions of ALFF, fALFF and ReHo values between seafarers and controls. A: The brain regions where ALFF values differed between the seafarer group and the control group; B: The brain regions where fALFF values differed between the seafarers and the control group; C: Brain regions with differences in ReHo values between the seafarers and the control group; The warm color indicated that the seafarer group had an increase compared with the control group, and the cool color indicated that the seafarer group had a lower value compared with the control group.
表 1 海员组与对照组ALFF、fALFF和ReHo值的差异脑区
Table 1. Brain regions with differences in ALFF, fALFF and ReHo values between the seafarer group and the control group.
Index Brain regions AAL label Peak MNI coordinate Voxels T value X Y Z ALFF Postcentral_R 58 34 -42 57 1047 14.09 Cerebelum_Crus1_R 92 42 -66 -30 203 6.88 Olfactory_L 21 -15 6 -15 84 -27.21 fALFF Occipital_Mid_R 52 45 -63 27 384 -9.64 Cingulum_Mid_L 33 -3 -12 33 217 8.53 Parietal_Inf_L 61 -27 -51 48 169 -7.12 Precentral_R 2 48 6 39 125 -8.81 Precentral_L 1 -45 3 39 50 -6.50 Temporal_Pole_Sup_R 84 36 9 -30 19 7.10 ReHo Temporal_Inf_R 90 60 -45 -9 378 -13.15 Frontal_Inf_Orb_R 10 45 42 -9 160 -10.63 Parietal_Inf_L 61 -42 -45 60 83 -6.12 Angular_L 65 -39 -63 36 80 -6.21 ParaHippocampal_R 40 27 -21 -21 57 6.11 Temporal_Mid_R 86 51 -3 -30 48 -5.44 Temporal_Mid_L 85 -57 -63 -3 39 -5.90 AAL: Anatomical automatic labeling; MNI: Montreal neurological institute. 
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表 2 海员组差异脑区ALFF、fALFF和ReHo值与工作年限和出海年限的偏相关性分析结果
Table 2. The partial correlation analysis results of ALFF, fALFF and ReHo values in differential brain regions with years of working and years at sea in the seafarer group.
Years of exposure Index Brain regions r（working years/years at sea） P（working years/years at sea） Working years/Years at sea ALFF Postcentral_R 0.369/0.071 0.049/0.715 Cerebelum_Crus1_R -0.215/-0.160 0.263/0.406 Olfactory_L 0.210/0.109 0.275/0.575 fALFF Occipital_Mid_R -0.370/-0.219 0.048/0.254 Cingulum_Mid_L 0.108/0.281 0.579/0.140 Parietal_Inf_L 0.210/0.128 0.274/0.509 Precentral_R -0.011/0.049 0.956/0.800 Precentral_L 0.056/0.196 0.773/0.308 Temporal_Pole_Sup_R -0.312/0.042 0.099/0.827 ReHo Temporal_Inf_R 0.123/-0.053 0.525/0.785 Frontal_Inf_Orb_R 0.223/0.028 0.245/0.887 Parietal_Inf_L 0.318/0.052 0.093/0.787 Angular_L 0.223/-0.003 0.245/0.989
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