Analysis of clinical distribution and antimicrobial resistance of staphylococcus aureus
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摘要:
目的对金黄色葡萄球菌（SAU）的临床分布、构成及耐药性进行分析，以指导临床合理用药。 方法分离出金黄色葡萄球菌290株，采用VITEK-2 Compact全自动细菌鉴定仪进行细菌鉴定和药物敏感试验。 结果2年共分离出金黄色葡萄球菌290株，其类型主要包括了以下几种：痰106株（36.5%），伤口95株（32.8%），血液53株（18.3%）。主要分布于针灸科41株、脉管炎科34株、肾病科28株、内分泌科28株、脑病科24株、ICU 22株、肺病科17株等，对青霉素G、红霉素、四环素、环丙沙星、克林霉素、庆大霉素的耐药率分别为92.8%、65%、62.1%、57.5%、48.7%、47.9%，复方新诺明、利福平、呋喃妥因的耐药率低于20%，对万古霉素、利奈唑胺、替加环素、替考拉宁的敏感率为100.0%。290金黄色葡萄球菌中检出耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）174株（60.0%）。 结论了解和掌握本院金黄色葡萄球菌的分布和构成以及耐药状况，对指导临床合理选用抗菌药物、延缓细菌耐药株产生具有重要意义。 -
关键词:
- 金黄色葡萄球菌 /
- 耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌 /
- 耐药率 /
- 抗菌药物
Abstract:Objective analyze the clinical distribution, constitution and antimicrobial resistance of staphylococcus aureus as to selectantimicrobial agents correctly and efficiently. Method Totally 290 strains of staphylococcus aureus is isolated from various specimens were collected, and the species identification and drug susceptibility test were performed by the VITEK 2 compact automatic bacteria identification instrument. Results There were 290 strains of staphylococcus aureus isolated in 2 years, the main types include, Sputum 106 strains (36.5%), Wounds 95 strains (32.8%), Blood 53 strains (18.3%). Mainly distributed in the Department of acupuncture and moxibustion in 41 strains, vasculitis section 34 strains, nephrology 28 strains, endocrinology 28 strains, encephalopathy section 24 strains, ICU 22 strains, of 17 strains of lung disease, penicillin G, erythromycin, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, clindamycin, gentamicin resistance rates were 92.8%, 65%, 62.1%, 57.5%, 48.7%, 47.9%. Cotrimoxazole, Rifampicin, Nitrofurantoin resistance rates of less than 20%, Vancomycin, Linezolid, Tigecycline, Sensitive to teicoplanin was 100.0%. 290 staphylococcus aureus detection methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) 174 strains (60.0%). Conclusion It is important significance to understand and master the distribution and epidemiology of this hospital Staphylococcus aureus and resistance changes, to guide the clinical rational use of antimicrobial drugs, delay the acteria resistant strains. -
表 1 290株金黄色葡萄球菌对各种抗菌药物的耐药性分析
抗菌药物 SAU(n=290) MRSA(n=174) 耐药(%) 中介(%) 敏感(%) 耐药(%) 中介(%) 敏感(%) 利奈唑胺 0 0 100 0 0 100 替加环素 0 0 100 0 0 100 奎奴普丁/达福普汀 0 0 100 0 0 100 万古霉素 0 0 100 0 0 100 呋喃妥因 0.5 0.1 99.5 1.2 0.6 98.2 利福平 7.4 3.6 89 10.9 1.8 87.3 复方新诺明 19.5 0 80.5 31.5 0 68.5 克林霉素 48.7 0 51.3 76.2 0 23.8 庆大霉素 47.9 4.7 47.4 79.9 4.3 15.9 左旋氧氟沙星 57.5 0 42.5 89 0 11 莫西沙星 54.8 2.8 42.4 86.7 3 10.3 环丙沙星 57.5 1.6 40.9 89 0.6 10.4 苯唑西林 60 0 40 100 0 0 四环素 62.1 0 37.9 83 0 17 红霉素 65 0.9 34.2 86.6 1.2 12.2 青霉素G 92.6 0 7.4 100 0 0 
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