Research progress of new magnetic resonance technology in pulmonary nodules
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摘要: MRI具有无辐射、软组织分辨率高、多参数、多序列成像的优势，广泛应用于全身各系统。以往由于肺内氢质子含量低、呼吸运动伪影以及磁化率伪影等原因，MRI被认为不能用于肺部扫描。随着MRI技术的飞速发展，如并行采集技术、呼吸门控技术、新序列的研发以及人工智能的发展，肺部MRI成像逐渐完善。随着人们对辐射剂量和肺结节关注度的增加，肺部MRI的临床需求也逐渐增加。本文将从MRI新技术在结节检出和良恶性鉴别两方面展开综述，包括放射状容积内插式屏气序列、超短回波时间、零回波时间、压缩感知容积内插式屏气序列、纵向弛豫时间定量成像和化学交换饱和转移等MRI新技术。
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关键词:
- 肺结节 /
- 磁共振成像 /
- 超短回波时间成像 /
- 零回波时间成像 /
- T1 mapping
Abstract: MRI has the advantages of radiation-free, high soft tissue resolution, multi-parameter and multi-sequence imaging, and is widely used in all systems of the whole body.In the past, due to the low content of hydrogen protons in the lung, respiratory motion artifacts and magnetic susceptibility artifacts, MRI was considered not to be used in lung scanning. With the rapid development of MRI technology, such as parallel acquisition technology, respiratory gating technology, and development of new sequences and artificial intelligence, lung MRI technology is gradually improved. With the increase of people's attention to radiation dose and pulmonary nodules, the clinical demand of pulmonary MRI is also increasing. This article will review the new technology of MRI from two aspects: nodule detection and benign and malignant differentiation, including star volume interpolated breath-hold examination sequence, ultrashort echo time, zero echo time, compression sensing volume interpolated breath-hold examination sequence, longitudinal relaxation time quantitative imaging, chemical exchange saturation transfer and other new MRI techniques. -
表 1 MRI新序列肺结节检出率比较
Table 1. Comparison of detection rates of lung nodules by MRI new sequence
Sequence Equipment Breath-hold Acquisition time (s) Detection rate (%)* Author StarVIBE 3.0T Siemens No 330 94.0 Ren Zhanli[4] StarVIBE 3.0T Siemens No 330 94.0 Yu[3] StarVIBE 3.0T Siemens No 420 73.0 Vermersch[7] StarVIBE PET-MRI Siemens No 220 47.7 Bruckmann[36] CS-VIBE 1.5T Siemens Yes 13 83.0 Huang[9] UTE 1.5T Siemens No 210-300 78.0 Huang[18] UTE 1.5T Siemens No 380 76.4 Renz[20] UTE 3.0T Siemens No 200-310 90.8 Cha[19] ZTE 3.0T GE No 125-141 89.5 Bae[16] ZTE PET-MRI GE No 330 70.0 chang[33] ZTE 3.0T GE No 127-148 80.0 Bae[35] StarVIBE: Star volume interpolated breath- hold examination: CS- VIBE: Compressed sensing volume interpolated breath-hold examination; UTE: Ultrashort time echo; ZTE: Zero time echo. *The detection rate of nodules is the total detection rate, including ground glass nodules, some solid nodules, and solid nodules. 
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