Prevalence and risk factors of carotid atherosclerosis in inpatients in a particular hospital
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摘要:
目的 探讨颈动脉硬化（CAS）的患病情况及其危险因素。 方法 将该院603例住院患者根据颈动脉彩超检查结果分为非硬化组和硬化组，计算CAS的患病率，分析比较两组临床资料及生化指标，利用多因素Logistic回归分析各危险因素与CAS的相关性。 结果 入选患者CAS的发生率为57.5%。两组年龄、糖化血红蛋白、血尿酸、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、高血压、糖尿病、吸烟差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。Logistic回归分析显示，年龄、吸烟、高血压、糖尿病、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇为CAS的独立危险因素。 结论 年龄、吸烟、高血压、糖尿病、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇与CAS的发生具有明显相关性，合并危险因素的中老年人应尽早行颈动脉彩超检查。血尿酸与CAS的相关性有待进一步研究证实。 Abstract:Objective To investigate the prevalence of carotid atherosclerosis (CAS) and its risk factors. Methods 603 cases of inpatients were enrolled and divided into non-carotid atherosclerosis group and carotid atherosclerosis group according to the result of carotid artery ultrasonography examination. The prevalence of CAS was calculated, the clinical data and biochemical indicators of the two groups were compared and analyzed, and the correlation between the risk factors and CAS was analyzed using multi-factor Logistic regression. Results The incidence of CAS among the subjects was 57.5%. The differences in age, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), serum uric acid (SUA), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), hypertension, diabetes, and smoking history between two groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that age, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, and LDL-C were independent risk factors of CAS. Conclusion Age, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, and LDL-C have obvious correlation with the incidence of CAS. The middle-aged and aged people with these risk factors should take the carotid artery ultrasonography examination as early as possible. The correlation between SUA and CAS needs further study. -
Key words:
- Carotid atherosclerosis /
- risk factor /
- serum uric acid
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表 1 两组临床资料与生化指标比较（Mean±SD）
项目 正常组（n=256） 硬化组（n=347） t或χ2 P 男/女（n） 121/135 185/162 2.156 0.142 年龄（岁） 52.72±8.95 58.92±7.82 9.043 0.000 糖化血红蛋白（%） 6.15±1.72 7.06±2.37 5.219 0.000 SUA（μmol/L） 391±124 417±126 2.553 0.011 TG（mmol/L） 1.65±1.32 2.04±2.27 2.474 0.014 TC（mmol/L） 4.64±1.06 4.75±1.57 0.936 0.35 LDL-c（mmol/L） 2.51±0.91 3.14±1.18 3.176 0.002 高血压[n（%）] 90（35） 231（66） 50.32 0.000 糖尿病[n（%）] 62（24） 161（46） 31.09 0.000 吸烟[n（%）] 46（18） 114（33） 16.74 0.000 SUA: 血尿酸; TG: 甘油三酯; TC: 总胆固醇; LDL-C: 低密度脂蛋白胆固醇. 
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表 2 颈动脉硬化危险因素Logistic分析
因素 B 标准误 Wald P OR（95%CI） 年龄 1.227 0.202 36.80 0.000 3.411（2.295±5.071） 吸烟 1.036 0.224 21.39 0.000 2.817（1.816±4.369） 高血压 1.285 0.191 45.14 0.000 3.613（2.484±5.256） 糖尿病 0.956 0.269 12.605 0.000 2.602（1.535±4.412） SUA 0.263 0.204 1.659 0.198 1.301（0.872±1.940） HbA1c 0.188 0.255 0.547 0.46 1.207（0.733±1.990） LDL-c 1.248 0.248 13.961 0.000 2.824（1.561±5.603） TG 0.322 0.207 2.404 0.121 1.379（0.919±2.071） TC 0.094 0.289 0.106 0.745 0.91（0.517±1.604） 性别 0.065 0.181 0.130 0.718 0.97（0.749±1.522） SUA: 血尿酸; HbA1c: 糖化血红蛋白; TG: 甘油三酯; TC: 总胆固醇; LDL-C: 低密度脂蛋白胆固醇.
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